new models, frontend functions, public pages

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+"""
+An implementation of JSON Schema for Python.
+
+The main functionality is provided by the validator classes for each of the
+supported JSON Schema versions.
+
+Most commonly, `jsonschema.validators.validate` is the quickest way to simply
+validate a given instance under a schema, and will create a validator
+for you.
+"""
+import warnings
+
+from jsonschema._format import FormatChecker
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.exceptions import SchemaError, ValidationError
+from jsonschema.validators import (
+    Draft3Validator,
+    Draft4Validator,
+    Draft6Validator,
+    Draft7Validator,
+    Draft201909Validator,
+    Draft202012Validator,
+    validate,
+)
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == "__version__":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Accessing jsonschema.__version__ is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in a future release. Use importlib.metadata directly "
+            "to query for jsonschema's version.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        from importlib import metadata
+        return metadata.version("jsonschema")
+    elif name == "RefResolver":
+        from jsonschema.validators import _RefResolver
+        warnings.warn(
+            _RefResolver._DEPRECATION_MESSAGE,
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _RefResolver
+    elif name == "ErrorTree":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Importing ErrorTree directly from the jsonschema package "
+            "is deprecated and will become an ImportError. Import it from "
+            "jsonschema.exceptions instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        from jsonschema.exceptions import ErrorTree
+        return ErrorTree
+    elif name == "FormatError":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Importing FormatError directly from the jsonschema package "
+            "is deprecated and will become an ImportError. Import it from "
+            "jsonschema.exceptions instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
+        return FormatError
+    elif name == "Validator":
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Importing Validator directly from the jsonschema package "
+            "is deprecated and will become an ImportError. Import it from "
+            "jsonschema.protocols instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        from jsonschema.protocols import Validator
+        return Validator
+    elif name == "RefResolutionError":
+        from jsonschema.exceptions import _RefResolutionError
+        warnings.warn(
+            _RefResolutionError._DEPRECATION_MESSAGE,
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _RefResolutionError
+
+    format_checkers = {
+        "draft3_format_checker": Draft3Validator,
+        "draft4_format_checker": Draft4Validator,
+        "draft6_format_checker": Draft6Validator,
+        "draft7_format_checker": Draft7Validator,
+        "draft201909_format_checker": Draft201909Validator,
+        "draft202012_format_checker": Draft202012Validator,
+    }
+    ValidatorForFormat = format_checkers.get(name)
+    if ValidatorForFormat is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"Accessing jsonschema.{name} is deprecated and will be "
+            "removed in a future release. Instead, use the FORMAT_CHECKER "
+            "attribute on the corresponding Validator.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return ValidatorForFormat.FORMAT_CHECKER
+
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Draft201909Validator",
+    "Draft202012Validator",
+    "Draft3Validator",
+    "Draft4Validator",
+    "Draft6Validator",
+    "Draft7Validator",
+    "FormatChecker",
+    "SchemaError",
+    "TypeChecker",
+    "ValidationError",
+    "validate",
+]

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+"""
+The jsonschema CLI is now deprecated in favor of check-jsonschema.
+"""
+from jsonschema.cli import main
+
+main()

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import suppress
+from datetime import date, datetime
+from uuid import UUID
+import ipaddress
+import re
+import typing
+import warnings
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
+
+_FormatCheckCallable = typing.Callable[[object], bool]
+#: A format checker callable.
+_F = typing.TypeVar("_F", bound=_FormatCheckCallable)
+_RaisesType = typing.Union[
+    typing.Type[Exception], typing.Tuple[typing.Type[Exception], ...],
+]
+
+_RE_DATE = re.compile(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$", re.ASCII)
+
+
+class FormatChecker:
+    """
+    A ``format`` property checker.
+
+    JSON Schema does not mandate that the ``format`` property actually do any
+    validation. If validation is desired however, instances of this class can
+    be hooked into validators to enable format validation.
+
+    `FormatChecker` objects always return ``True`` when asked about
+    formats that they do not know how to validate.
+
+    To add a check for a custom format use the `FormatChecker.checks`
+    decorator.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        formats:
+
+            The known formats to validate. This argument can be used to
+            limit which formats will be used during validation.
+
+    """
+
+    checkers: dict[
+        str,
+        tuple[_FormatCheckCallable, _RaisesType],
+    ] = {}  # noqa: RUF012
+
+    def __init__(self, formats: typing.Iterable[str] | None = None):
+        if formats is None:
+            formats = self.checkers.keys()
+        self.checkers = {k: self.checkers[k] for k in formats}
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<FormatChecker checkers={sorted(self.checkers)}>"
+
+    def checks(
+        self, format: str, raises: _RaisesType = (),
+    ) -> typing.Callable[[_F], _F]:
+        """
+        Register a decorated function as validating a new format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            format:
+
+                The format that the decorated function will check.
+
+            raises:
+
+                The exception(s) raised by the decorated function when an
+                invalid instance is found.
+
+                The exception object will be accessible as the
+                `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError.cause` attribute of the
+                resulting validation error.
+
+        """
+
+        def _checks(func: _F) -> _F:
+            self.checkers[format] = (func, raises)
+            return func
+
+        return _checks
+
+    @classmethod
+    def cls_checks(
+        cls, format: str, raises: _RaisesType = (),
+    ) -> typing.Callable[[_F], _F]:
+        warnings.warn(
+            (
+                "FormatChecker.cls_checks is deprecated. Call "
+                "FormatChecker.checks on a specific FormatChecker instance "
+                "instead."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return cls._cls_checks(format=format, raises=raises)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _cls_checks(
+        cls, format: str, raises: _RaisesType = (),
+    ) -> typing.Callable[[_F], _F]:
+        def _checks(func: _F) -> _F:
+            cls.checkers[format] = (func, raises)
+            return func
+
+        return _checks
+
+    def check(self, instance: object, format: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format:
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+        Raises:
+
+            FormatError:
+
+                if the instance does not conform to ``format``
+
+        """
+        if format not in self.checkers:
+            return
+
+        func, raises = self.checkers[format]
+        result, cause = None, None
+        try:
+            result = func(instance)
+        except raises as e:
+            cause = e
+        if not result:
+            raise FormatError(f"{instance!r} is not a {format!r}", cause=cause)
+
+    def conforms(self, instance: object, format: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check whether the instance conforms to the given format.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance (*any primitive type*, i.e. str, number, bool):
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            format:
+
+                The format that instance should conform to
+
+        Returns:
+
+            bool: whether it conformed
+
+        """
+        try:
+            self.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+
+draft3_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft4_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft6_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft7_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft201909_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+draft202012_format_checker = FormatChecker()
+
+_draft_checkers: dict[str, FormatChecker] = dict(
+    draft3=draft3_format_checker,
+    draft4=draft4_format_checker,
+    draft6=draft6_format_checker,
+    draft7=draft7_format_checker,
+    draft201909=draft201909_format_checker,
+    draft202012=draft202012_format_checker,
+)
+
+
+def _checks_drafts(
+    name=None,
+    draft3=None,
+    draft4=None,
+    draft6=None,
+    draft7=None,
+    draft201909=None,
+    draft202012=None,
+    raises=(),
+) -> typing.Callable[[_F], _F]:
+    draft3 = draft3 or name
+    draft4 = draft4 or name
+    draft6 = draft6 or name
+    draft7 = draft7 or name
+    draft201909 = draft201909 or name
+    draft202012 = draft202012 or name
+
+    def wrap(func: _F) -> _F:
+        if draft3:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft3"].checks(draft3, raises)(func)
+        if draft4:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft4"].checks(draft4, raises)(func)
+        if draft6:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft6"].checks(draft6, raises)(func)
+        if draft7:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft7"].checks(draft7, raises)(func)
+        if draft201909:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft201909"].checks(draft201909, raises)(
+                func,
+            )
+        if draft202012:
+            func = _draft_checkers["draft202012"].checks(draft202012, raises)(
+                func,
+            )
+
+        # Oy. This is bad global state, but relied upon for now, until
+        # deprecation. See #519 and test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults
+        FormatChecker._cls_checks(
+            draft202012 or draft201909 or draft7 or draft6 or draft4 or draft3,
+            raises,
+        )(func)
+        return func
+
+    return wrap
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="idn-email")
+@_checks_drafts(name="email")
+def is_email(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return "@" in instance
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="ip-address",
+    draft4="ipv4",
+    draft6="ipv4",
+    draft7="ipv4",
+    draft201909="ipv4",
+    draft202012="ipv4",
+    raises=ipaddress.AddressValueError,
+)
+def is_ipv4(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return bool(ipaddress.IPv4Address(instance))
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="ipv6", raises=ipaddress.AddressValueError)
+def is_ipv6(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    address = ipaddress.IPv6Address(instance)
+    return not getattr(address, "scope_id", "")
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    from fqdn import FQDN
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft3="host-name",
+        draft4="hostname",
+        draft6="hostname",
+        draft7="hostname",
+        draft201909="hostname",
+        draft202012="hostname",
+    )
+    def is_host_name(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return FQDN(instance, min_labels=1).is_valid
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    # The built-in `idna` codec only implements RFC 3890, so we go elsewhere.
+    import idna
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="idn-hostname",
+        draft201909="idn-hostname",
+        draft202012="idn-hostname",
+        raises=(idna.IDNAError, UnicodeError),
+    )
+    def is_idn_host_name(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        idna.encode(instance)
+        return True
+
+
+try:
+    import rfc3987
+except ImportError:
+    with suppress(ImportError):
+        from rfc3986_validator import validate_rfc3986
+
+        @_checks_drafts(name="uri")
+        def is_uri(instance: object) -> bool:
+            if not isinstance(instance, str):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI")
+
+        @_checks_drafts(
+            draft6="uri-reference",
+            draft7="uri-reference",
+            draft201909="uri-reference",
+            draft202012="uri-reference",
+            raises=ValueError,
+        )
+        def is_uri_reference(instance: object) -> bool:
+            if not isinstance(instance, str):
+                return True
+            return validate_rfc3986(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+else:
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="iri",
+        draft201909="iri",
+        draft202012="iri",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_iri(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="iri-reference",
+        draft201909="iri-reference",
+        draft202012="iri-reference",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_iri_reference(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="IRI_reference")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(name="uri", raises=ValueError)
+    def is_uri(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI")
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-reference",
+        draft7="uri-reference",
+        draft201909="uri-reference",
+        draft202012="uri-reference",
+        raises=ValueError,
+    )
+    def is_uri_reference(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return rfc3987.parse(instance, rule="URI_reference")
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    from rfc3339_validator import validate_rfc3339
+
+    @_checks_drafts(name="date-time")
+    def is_datetime(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return validate_rfc3339(instance.upper())
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="time",
+        draft201909="time",
+        draft202012="time",
+    )
+    def is_time(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return is_datetime("1970-01-01T" + instance)
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(name="regex", raises=re.error)
+def is_regex(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return bool(re.compile(instance))
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft3="date",
+    draft7="date",
+    draft201909="date",
+    draft202012="date",
+    raises=ValueError,
+)
+def is_date(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return bool(_RE_DATE.fullmatch(instance) and date.fromisoformat(instance))
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(draft3="time", raises=ValueError)
+def is_draft3_time(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    return bool(datetime.strptime(instance, "%H:%M:%S"))  # noqa: DTZ007
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import webcolors
+
+    @_checks_drafts(draft3="color", raises=(ValueError, TypeError))
+    def is_css21_color(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(instance, str):
+            try:
+                webcolors.name_to_hex(instance)
+            except ValueError:
+                webcolors.normalize_hex(instance.lower())
+        return True
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import jsonpointer
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="json-pointer",
+        draft7="json-pointer",
+        draft201909="json-pointer",
+        draft202012="json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_json_pointer(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return bool(jsonpointer.JsonPointer(instance))
+
+    # TODO: I don't want to maintain this, so it
+    #       needs to go either into jsonpointer (pending
+    #       https://github.com/stefankoegl/python-json-pointer/issues/34) or
+    #       into a new external library.
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft7="relative-json-pointer",
+        draft201909="relative-json-pointer",
+        draft202012="relative-json-pointer",
+        raises=jsonpointer.JsonPointerException,
+    )
+    def is_relative_json_pointer(instance: object) -> bool:
+        # Definition taken from:
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-handrews-relative-json-pointer-01#section-3
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        if not instance:
+            return False
+
+        non_negative_integer, rest = [], ""
+        for i, character in enumerate(instance):
+            if character.isdigit():
+                # digits with a leading "0" are not allowed
+                if i > 0 and int(instance[i - 1]) == 0:
+                    return False
+
+                non_negative_integer.append(character)
+                continue
+
+            if not non_negative_integer:
+                return False
+
+            rest = instance[i:]
+            break
+        return (rest == "#") or bool(jsonpointer.JsonPointer(rest))
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import uri_template
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft6="uri-template",
+        draft7="uri-template",
+        draft201909="uri-template",
+        draft202012="uri-template",
+    )
+    def is_uri_template(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        return uri_template.validate(instance)
+
+
+with suppress(ImportError):
+    import isoduration
+
+    @_checks_drafts(
+        draft201909="duration",
+        draft202012="duration",
+        raises=isoduration.DurationParsingException,
+    )
+    def is_duration(instance: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(instance, str):
+            return True
+        isoduration.parse_duration(instance)
+        # FIXME: See bolsote/isoduration#25 and bolsote/isoduration#21
+        return instance.endswith(tuple("DMYWHMS"))
+
+
+@_checks_drafts(
+    draft201909="uuid",
+    draft202012="uuid",
+    raises=ValueError,
+)
+def is_uuid(instance: object) -> bool:
+    if not isinstance(instance, str):
+        return True
+    UUID(instance)
+    return all(instance[position] == "-" for position in (8, 13, 18, 23))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_keywords.py

@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+from fractions import Fraction
+import re
+
+from jsonschema._utils import (
+    ensure_list,
+    equal,
+    extras_msg,
+    find_additional_properties,
+    find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema,
+    find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema,
+    uniq,
+)
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError, ValidationError
+
+
+def patternProperties(validator, patternProperties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for pattern, subschema in patternProperties.items():
+        for k, v in instance.items():
+            if re.search(pattern, k):
+                yield from validator.descend(
+                    v, subschema, path=k, schema_path=pattern,
+                )
+
+
+def propertyNames(validator, propertyNames, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property in instance:
+        yield from validator.descend(instance=property, schema=propertyNames)
+
+
+def additionalProperties(validator, aP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    extras = set(find_additional_properties(instance, schema))
+
+    if validator.is_type(aP, "object"):
+        for extra in extras:
+            yield from validator.descend(instance[extra], aP, path=extra)
+    elif not aP and extras:
+        if "patternProperties" in schema:
+            verb = "does" if len(extras) == 1 else "do"
+            joined = ", ".join(repr(each) for each in sorted(extras))
+            patterns = ", ".join(
+                repr(each) for each in sorted(schema["patternProperties"])
+            )
+            error = f"{joined} {verb} not match any of the regexes: {patterns}"
+            yield ValidationError(error)
+        else:
+            error = "Additional properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+            yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(sorted(extras, key=str)))
+
+
+def items(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    prefix = len(schema.get("prefixItems", []))
+    total = len(instance)
+    extra = total - prefix
+    if extra <= 0:
+        return
+
+    if items is False:
+        rest = instance[prefix:] if extra != 1 else instance[prefix]
+        item = "items" if prefix != 1 else "item"
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"Expected at most {prefix} {item} but found {extra} "
+            f"extra: {rest!r}",
+        )
+    else:
+        for index in range(prefix, total):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance=instance[index],
+                schema=items,
+                path=index,
+            )
+
+
+def const(validator, const, instance, schema):
+    if not equal(instance, const):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{const!r} was expected")
+
+
+def contains(validator, contains, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    matches = 0
+    min_contains = schema.get("minContains", 1)
+    max_contains = schema.get("maxContains", len(instance))
+
+    contains_validator = validator.evolve(schema=contains)
+
+    for each in instance:
+        if contains_validator.is_valid(each):
+            matches += 1
+            if matches > max_contains:
+                yield ValidationError(
+                    "Too many items match the given schema "
+                    f"(expected at most {max_contains})",
+                    validator="maxContains",
+                    validator_value=max_contains,
+                )
+                return
+
+    if matches < min_contains:
+        if not matches:
+            yield ValidationError(
+                f"{instance!r} does not contain items "
+                "matching the given schema",
+            )
+        else:
+            yield ValidationError(
+                "Too few items match the given schema (expected at least "
+                f"{min_contains} but only {matches} matched)",
+                validator="minContains",
+                validator_value=min_contains,
+            )
+
+
+def exclusiveMinimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance <= minimum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is less than or equal to "
+            f"the minimum of {minimum!r}",
+        )
+
+
+def exclusiveMaximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance >= maximum:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is greater than or equal "
+            f"to the maximum of {maximum!r}",
+        )
+
+
+def minimum(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance < minimum:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is less than the minimum of {minimum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def maximum(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if instance > maximum:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is greater than the maximum of {maximum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def multipleOf(validator, dB, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if isinstance(dB, float):
+        quotient = instance / dB
+        try:
+            failed = int(quotient) != quotient
+        except OverflowError:
+            # When `instance` is large and `dB` is less than one,
+            # quotient can overflow to infinity; and then casting to int
+            # raises an error.
+            #
+            # In this case we fall back to Fraction logic, which is
+            # exact and cannot overflow.  The performance is also
+            # acceptable: we try the fast all-float option first, and
+            # we know that fraction(dB) can have at most a few hundred
+            # digits in each part.  The worst-case slowdown is therefore
+            # for already-slow enormous integers or Decimals.
+            failed = (Fraction(instance) / Fraction(dB)).denominator != 1
+    else:
+        failed = instance % dB
+
+    if failed:
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not a multiple of {dB}")
+
+
+def minItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) < mI:
+        message = "should be non-empty" if mI == 1 else "is too short"
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def maxItems(validator, mI, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "array") and len(instance) > mI:
+        message = "is expected to be empty" if mI == 0 else "is too long"
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def uniqueItems(validator, uI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        uI
+        and validator.is_type(instance, "array")
+        and not uniq(instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} has non-unique elements")
+
+
+def pattern(validator, patrn, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        validator.is_type(instance, "string")
+        and not re.search(patrn, instance)
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} does not match {patrn!r}")
+
+
+def format(validator, format, instance, schema):
+    if validator.format_checker is not None:
+        try:
+            validator.format_checker.check(instance, format)
+        except FormatError as error:
+            yield ValidationError(error.message, cause=error.cause)
+
+
+def minLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) < mL:
+        message = "should be non-empty" if mL == 1 else "is too short"
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def maxLength(validator, mL, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "string") and len(instance) > mL:
+        message = "is expected to be empty" if mL == 0 else "is too long"
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def dependentRequired(validator, dependentRequired, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependentRequired.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        for each in dependency:
+            if each not in instance:
+                message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def dependentSchemas(validator, dependentSchemas, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependentSchemas.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+        yield from validator.descend(
+            instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+        )
+
+
+def enum(validator, enums, instance, schema):
+    if all(not equal(each, instance) for each in enums):
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not one of {enums!r}")
+
+
+def ref(validator, ref, instance, schema):
+    yield from validator._validate_reference(ref=ref, instance=instance)
+
+
+def dynamicRef(validator, dynamicRef, instance, schema):
+    yield from validator._validate_reference(ref=dynamicRef, instance=instance)
+
+
+def type(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = ensure_list(types)
+
+    if not any(validator.is_type(instance, type) for type in types):
+        reprs = ", ".join(repr(type) for type in types)
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is not of type {reprs}")
+
+
+def properties(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in properties.items():
+        if property in instance:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            )
+
+
+def required(validator, required, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    for property in required:
+        if property not in instance:
+            yield ValidationError(f"{property!r} is a required property")
+
+
+def minProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) < mP:
+        message = (
+            "should be non-empty" if mP == 1
+            else "does not have enough properties"
+        )
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def maxProperties(validator, mP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    if validator.is_type(instance, "object") and len(instance) > mP:
+        message = (
+            "is expected to be empty" if mP == 0
+            else "has too many properties"
+        )
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} {message}")
+
+
+def allOf(validator, allOf, instance, schema):
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(allOf):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index)
+
+
+def anyOf(validator, anyOf, instance, schema):
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(anyOf):
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is not valid under any of the given schemas",
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+
+def oneOf(validator, oneOf, instance, schema):
+    subschemas = enumerate(oneOf)
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, subschema in subschemas:
+        errs = list(validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index))
+        if not errs:
+            first_valid = subschema
+            break
+        all_errors.extend(errs)
+    else:
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"{instance!r} is not valid under any of the given schemas",
+            context=all_errors,
+        )
+
+    more_valid = [
+        each for _, each in subschemas
+        if validator.evolve(schema=each).is_valid(instance)
+    ]
+    if more_valid:
+        more_valid.append(first_valid)
+        reprs = ", ".join(repr(schema) for schema in more_valid)
+        yield ValidationError(f"{instance!r} is valid under each of {reprs}")
+
+
+def not_(validator, not_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.evolve(schema=not_schema).is_valid(instance):
+        message = f"{instance!r} should not be valid under {not_schema!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def if_(validator, if_schema, instance, schema):
+    if validator.evolve(schema=if_schema).is_valid(instance):
+        if "then" in schema:
+            then = schema["then"]
+            yield from validator.descend(instance, then, schema_path="then")
+    elif "else" in schema:
+        else_ = schema["else"]
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, else_, schema_path="else")
+
+
+def unevaluatedItems(validator, unevaluatedItems, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+    evaluated_item_indexes = find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_items = [
+        item for index, item in enumerate(instance)
+        if index not in evaluated_item_indexes
+    ]
+    if unevaluated_items:
+        error = "Unevaluated items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(unevaluated_items))
+
+
+def unevaluatedProperties(validator, unevaluatedProperties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    evaluated_keys = find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_keys = []
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in evaluated_keys:
+            for _ in validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                unevaluatedProperties,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                # FIXME: Include context for each unevaluated property
+                #        indicating why it's invalid under the subschema.
+                unevaluated_keys.append(property)  # noqa: PERF401
+
+    if unevaluated_keys:
+        if unevaluatedProperties is False:
+            error = "Unevaluated properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+            extras = sorted(unevaluated_keys, key=str)
+            yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(extras))
+        else:
+            error = (
+                "Unevaluated properties are not valid under "
+                "the given schema (%s %s unevaluated and invalid)"
+            )
+            yield ValidationError(error % extras_msg(unevaluated_keys))
+
+
+def prefixItems(validator, prefixItems, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), prefixItems):
+        yield from validator.descend(
+            instance=item,
+            schema=subschema,
+            schema_path=index,
+            path=index,
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_legacy_keywords.py

@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+import re
+
+from referencing.jsonschema import lookup_recursive_ref
+
+from jsonschema import _utils
+from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError
+
+
+def ignore_ref_siblings(schema):
+    """
+    Ignore siblings of ``$ref`` if it is present.
+
+    Otherwise, return all keywords.
+
+    Suitable for use with `create`'s ``applicable_validators`` argument.
+    """
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        return [("$ref", ref)]
+    else:
+        return schema.items()
+
+
+def dependencies_draft3(validator, dependencies, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependencies.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "object"):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            )
+        elif validator.is_type(dependency, "string"):
+            if dependency not in instance:
+                message = f"{dependency!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                yield ValidationError(message)
+        else:
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                    yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def dependencies_draft4_draft6_draft7(
+    validator,
+    dependencies,
+    instance,
+    schema,
+):
+    """
+    Support for the ``dependencies`` keyword from pre-draft 2019-09.
+
+    In later drafts, the keyword was split into separate
+    ``dependentRequired`` and ``dependentSchemas`` validators.
+    """
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, dependency in dependencies.items():
+        if property not in instance:
+            continue
+
+        if validator.is_type(dependency, "array"):
+            for each in dependency:
+                if each not in instance:
+                    message = f"{each!r} is a dependency of {property!r}"
+                    yield ValidationError(message)
+        else:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance, dependency, schema_path=property,
+            )
+
+
+def disallow_draft3(validator, disallow, instance, schema):
+    for disallowed in _utils.ensure_list(disallow):
+        if validator.evolve(schema={"type": [disallowed]}).is_valid(instance):
+            message = f"{disallowed!r} is disallowed for {instance!r}"
+            yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def extends_draft3(validator, extends, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(extends, "object"):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, extends)
+        return
+    for index, subschema in enumerate(extends):
+        yield from validator.descend(instance, subschema, schema_path=index)
+
+
+def items_draft3_draft4(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, items, path=index)
+    else:
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            )
+
+
+def additionalItems(validator, aI, instance, schema):
+    if (
+        not validator.is_type(instance, "array")
+        or validator.is_type(schema.get("items", {}), "object")
+    ):
+        return
+
+    len_items = len(schema.get("items", []))
+    if validator.is_type(aI, "object"):
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance[len_items:], start=len_items):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, aI, path=index)
+    elif not aI and len(instance) > len(schema.get("items", [])):
+        error = "Additional items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(
+            error % _utils.extras_msg(instance[len(schema.get("items", [])):]),
+        )
+
+
+def items_draft6_draft7_draft201909(validator, items, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if validator.is_type(items, "array"):
+        for (index, item), subschema in zip(enumerate(instance), items):
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                item, subschema, path=index, schema_path=index,
+            )
+    else:
+        for index, item in enumerate(instance):
+            yield from validator.descend(item, items, path=index)
+
+
+def minimum_draft3_draft4(validator, minimum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMinimum", False):
+        failed = instance <= minimum
+        cmp = "less than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance < minimum
+        cmp = "less than"
+
+    if failed:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is {cmp} the minimum of {minimum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def maximum_draft3_draft4(validator, maximum, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "number"):
+        return
+
+    if schema.get("exclusiveMaximum", False):
+        failed = instance >= maximum
+        cmp = "greater than or equal to"
+    else:
+        failed = instance > maximum
+        cmp = "greater than"
+
+    if failed:
+        message = f"{instance!r} is {cmp} the maximum of {maximum!r}"
+        yield ValidationError(message)
+
+
+def properties_draft3(validator, properties, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+
+    for property, subschema in properties.items():
+        if property in instance:
+            yield from validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                subschema,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            )
+        elif subschema.get("required", False):
+            error = ValidationError(f"{property!r} is a required property")
+            error._set(
+                validator="required",
+                validator_value=subschema["required"],
+                instance=instance,
+                schema=schema,
+            )
+            error.path.appendleft(property)
+            error.schema_path.extend([property, "required"])
+            yield error
+
+
+def type_draft3(validator, types, instance, schema):
+    types = _utils.ensure_list(types)
+
+    all_errors = []
+    for index, type in enumerate(types):
+        if validator.is_type(type, "object"):
+            errors = list(validator.descend(instance, type, schema_path=index))
+            if not errors:
+                return
+            all_errors.extend(errors)
+        elif validator.is_type(instance, type):
+                return
+
+    reprs = []
+    for type in types:
+        try:
+            reprs.append(repr(type["name"]))
+        except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+            reprs.append(repr(type))
+    yield ValidationError(
+        f"{instance!r} is not of type {', '.join(reprs)}",
+        context=all_errors,
+    )
+
+
+def contains_draft6_draft7(validator, contains, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+
+    if not any(
+        validator.evolve(schema=contains).is_valid(element)
+        for element in instance
+    ):
+        yield ValidationError(
+            f"None of {instance!r} are valid under the given schema",
+        )
+
+
+def recursiveRef(validator, recursiveRef, instance, schema):
+    resolved = lookup_recursive_ref(validator._resolver)
+    yield from validator.descend(
+        instance,
+        resolved.contents,
+        resolver=resolved.resolver,
+    )
+
+
+def find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    """
+    Get all indexes of items that get evaluated under the current schema.
+
+    Covers all keywords related to unevaluatedItems: items, prefixItems, if,
+    then, else, contains, unevaluatedItems, allOf, oneOf, anyOf
+    """
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_indexes = []
+
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(ref)
+        evaluated_indexes.extend(
+            find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    if "$recursiveRef" in schema:
+        resolved = lookup_recursive_ref(validator._resolver)
+        evaluated_indexes.extend(
+            find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    if "items" in schema:
+        if "additionalItems" in schema:
+            return list(range(len(instance)))
+
+        if validator.is_type(schema["items"], "object"):
+            return list(range(len(instance)))
+        evaluated_indexes += list(range(len(schema["items"])))
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        elif "else" in schema:
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["else"],
+            )
+
+    for keyword in ["contains", "unevaluatedItems"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for k, v in enumerate(instance):
+                if validator.evolve(schema=schema[keyword]).is_valid(v):
+                    evaluated_indexes.append(k)
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = next(validator.descend(instance, subschema), None)
+                if errs is None:
+                    evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    return evaluated_indexes
+
+
+def unevaluatedItems_draft2019(validator, unevaluatedItems, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "array"):
+        return
+    evaluated_item_indexes = find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_items = [
+        item for index, item in enumerate(instance)
+        if index not in evaluated_item_indexes
+    ]
+    if unevaluated_items:
+        error = "Unevaluated items are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+        yield ValidationError(error % _utils.extras_msg(unevaluated_items))
+
+
+def find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_keys = []
+
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(ref)
+        evaluated_keys.extend(
+            find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    if "$recursiveRef" in schema:
+        resolved = lookup_recursive_ref(validator._resolver)
+        evaluated_keys.extend(
+            find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    for keyword in [
+        "properties", "additionalProperties", "unevaluatedProperties",
+    ]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            schema_value = schema[keyword]
+            if validator.is_type(schema_value, "boolean") and schema_value:
+                evaluated_keys += instance.keys()
+
+            elif validator.is_type(schema_value, "object"):
+                for property in schema_value:
+                    if property in instance:
+                        evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "patternProperties" in schema:
+        for property in instance:
+            for pattern in schema["patternProperties"]:
+                if re.search(pattern, property):
+                    evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "dependentSchemas" in schema:
+        for property, subschema in schema["dependentSchemas"].items():
+            if property not in instance:
+                continue
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, subschema,
+            )
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = next(validator.descend(instance, subschema), None)
+                if errs is None:
+                    evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        elif "else" in schema:
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["else"],
+            )
+
+    return evaluated_keys
+
+
+def unevaluatedProperties_draft2019(validator, uP, instance, schema):
+    if not validator.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return
+    evaluated_keys = find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+        validator, instance, schema,
+    )
+    unevaluated_keys = []
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in evaluated_keys:
+            for _ in validator.descend(
+                instance[property],
+                uP,
+                path=property,
+                schema_path=property,
+            ):
+                # FIXME: Include context for each unevaluated property
+                #        indicating why it's invalid under the subschema.
+                unevaluated_keys.append(property)  # noqa: PERF401
+
+    if unevaluated_keys:
+        if uP is False:
+            error = "Unevaluated properties are not allowed (%s %s unexpected)"
+            extras = sorted(unevaluated_keys, key=str)
+            yield ValidationError(error % _utils.extras_msg(extras))
+        else:
+            error = (
+                "Unevaluated properties are not valid under "
+                "the given schema (%s %s unevaluated and invalid)"
+            )
+            yield ValidationError(error % _utils.extras_msg(unevaluated_keys))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, Callable, Mapping
+import numbers
+
+from attrs import evolve, field, frozen
+from rpds import HashTrieMap
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck
+
+
+# unfortunately, the type of HashTrieMap is generic, and if used as an attrs
+# converter, the generic type is presented to mypy, which then fails to match
+# the concrete type of a type checker mapping
+# this "do nothing" wrapper presents the correct information to mypy
+def _typed_map_converter(
+    init_val: Mapping[str, Callable[[TypeChecker, Any], bool]],
+) -> HashTrieMap[str, Callable[[TypeChecker, Any], bool]]:
+    return HashTrieMap.convert(init_val)
+
+
+def is_array(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, list)
+
+
+def is_bool(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, bool)
+
+
+def is_integer(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, int)
+
+
+def is_null(checker, instance):
+    return instance is None
+
+
+def is_number(checker, instance):
+    # bool inherits from int, so ensure bools aren't reported as ints
+    if isinstance(instance, bool):
+        return False
+    return isinstance(instance, numbers.Number)
+
+
+def is_object(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, dict)
+
+
+def is_string(checker, instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, str)
+
+
+def is_any(checker, instance):
+    return True
+
+
+@frozen(repr=False)
+class TypeChecker:
+    """
+    A :kw:`type` property checker.
+
+    A `TypeChecker` performs type checking for a `Validator`, converting
+    between the defined JSON Schema types and some associated Python types or
+    objects.
+
+    Modifying the behavior just mentioned by redefining which Python objects
+    are considered to be of which JSON Schema types can be done using
+    `TypeChecker.redefine` or `TypeChecker.redefine_many`, and types can be
+    removed via `TypeChecker.remove`. Each of these return a new `TypeChecker`.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        type_checkers:
+
+            The initial mapping of types to their checking functions.
+
+    """
+
+    _type_checkers: HashTrieMap[
+        str, Callable[[TypeChecker, Any], bool],
+    ] = field(default=HashTrieMap(), converter=_typed_map_converter)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        types = ", ".join(repr(k) for k in sorted(self._type_checkers))
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} types={{{types}}}>"
+
+    def is_type(self, instance, type: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is of the appropriate type.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance:
+
+                The instance to check
+
+            type:
+
+                The name of the type that is expected.
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+
+                if ``type`` is unknown to this object.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            fn = self._type_checkers[type]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise UndefinedTypeCheck(type) from None
+
+        return fn(self, instance)
+
+    def redefine(self, type: str, fn) -> TypeChecker:
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given type redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            type:
+
+                The name of the type to check.
+
+            fn (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+                A callable taking exactly two parameters - the type
+                checker calling the function and the instance to check.
+                The function should return true if instance is of this
+                type and false otherwise.
+
+        """
+        return self.redefine_many({type: fn})
+
+    def redefine_many(self, definitions=()) -> TypeChecker:
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types redefined.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            definitions (dict):
+
+                A dictionary mapping types to their checking functions.
+
+        """
+        type_checkers = self._type_checkers.update(definitions)
+        return evolve(self, type_checkers=type_checkers)
+
+    def remove(self, *types) -> TypeChecker:
+        """
+        Produce a new checker with the given types forgotten.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            types:
+
+                the names of the types to remove.
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UndefinedTypeCheck`:
+
+                if any given type is unknown to this object
+
+        """
+        type_checkers = self._type_checkers
+        for each in types:
+            try:
+                type_checkers = type_checkers.remove(each)
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UndefinedTypeCheck(each) from None
+        return evolve(self, type_checkers=type_checkers)
+
+
+draft3_type_checker = TypeChecker(
+    {
+        "any": is_any,
+        "array": is_array,
+        "boolean": is_bool,
+        "integer": is_integer,
+        "object": is_object,
+        "null": is_null,
+        "number": is_number,
+        "string": is_string,
+    },
+)
+draft4_type_checker = draft3_type_checker.remove("any")
+draft6_type_checker = draft4_type_checker.redefine(
+    "integer",
+    lambda checker, instance: (
+        is_integer(checker, instance)
+        or isinstance(instance, float) and instance.is_integer()
+    ),
+)
+draft7_type_checker = draft6_type_checker
+draft201909_type_checker = draft7_type_checker
+draft202012_type_checker = draft201909_type_checker

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_typing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+Some (initially private) typing helpers for jsonschema's types.
+"""
+from typing import Any, Callable, Iterable, Protocol, Tuple, Union
+
+import referencing.jsonschema
+
+from jsonschema.protocols import Validator
+
+
+class SchemaKeywordValidator(Protocol):
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        validator: Validator,
+        value: Any,
+        instance: Any,
+        schema: referencing.jsonschema.Schema,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+
+id_of = Callable[[referencing.jsonschema.Schema], Union[str, None]]
+
+
+ApplicableValidators = Callable[
+    [referencing.jsonschema.Schema],
+    Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]],
+]

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping, Sequence
+from urllib.parse import urlsplit
+import itertools
+import re
+
+
+class URIDict(MutableMapping):
+    """
+    Dictionary which uses normalized URIs as keys.
+    """
+
+    def normalize(self, uri):
+        return urlsplit(uri).geturl()
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.store = dict()
+        self.store.update(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, uri):
+        return self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, uri, value):
+        self.store[self.normalize(uri)] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, uri):
+        del self.store[self.normalize(uri)]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.store)
+
+    def __len__(self):  # pragma: no cover -- untested, but to be removed
+        return len(self.store)
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover -- untested, but to be removed
+        return repr(self.store)
+
+
+class Unset:
+    """
+    An as-of-yet unset attribute or unprovided default parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return "<unset>"
+
+
+def format_as_index(container, indices):
+    """
+    Construct a single string containing indexing operations for the indices.
+
+    For example for a container ``bar``, [1, 2, "foo"] -> bar[1][2]["foo"]
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        container (str):
+
+            A word to use for the thing being indexed
+
+        indices (sequence):
+
+            The indices to format.
+
+    """
+    if not indices:
+        return container
+    return f"{container}[{']['.join(repr(index) for index in indices)}]"
+
+
+def find_additional_properties(instance, schema):
+    """
+    Return the set of additional properties for the given ``instance``.
+
+    Weeds out properties that should have been validated by ``properties`` and
+    / or ``patternProperties``.
+
+    Assumes ``instance`` is dict-like already.
+    """
+    properties = schema.get("properties", {})
+    patterns = "|".join(schema.get("patternProperties", {}))
+    for property in instance:
+        if property not in properties:
+            if patterns and re.search(patterns, property):
+                continue
+            yield property
+
+
+def extras_msg(extras):
+    """
+    Create an error message for extra items or properties.
+    """
+    verb = "was" if len(extras) == 1 else "were"
+    return ", ".join(repr(extra) for extra in extras), verb
+
+
+def ensure_list(thing):
+    """
+    Wrap ``thing`` in a list if it's a single str.
+
+    Otherwise, return it unchanged.
+    """
+    if isinstance(thing, str):
+        return [thing]
+    return thing
+
+
+def _mapping_equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two mappings are equal using the semantics of `equal`.
+    """
+    if len(one) != len(two):
+        return False
+    return all(
+        key in two and equal(value, two[key])
+        for key, value in one.items()
+    )
+
+
+def _sequence_equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two sequences are equal using the semantics of `equal`.
+    """
+    if len(one) != len(two):
+        return False
+    return all(equal(i, j) for i, j in zip(one, two))
+
+
+def equal(one, two):
+    """
+    Check if two things are equal evading some Python type hierarchy semantics.
+
+    Specifically in JSON Schema, evade `bool` inheriting from `int`,
+    recursing into sequences to do the same.
+    """
+    if one is two:
+        return True
+    if isinstance(one, str) or isinstance(two, str):
+        return one == two
+    if isinstance(one, Sequence) and isinstance(two, Sequence):
+        return _sequence_equal(one, two)
+    if isinstance(one, Mapping) and isinstance(two, Mapping):
+        return _mapping_equal(one, two)
+    return unbool(one) == unbool(two)
+
+
+def unbool(element, true=object(), false=object()):
+    """
+    A hack to make True and 1 and False and 0 unique for ``uniq``.
+    """
+    if element is True:
+        return true
+    elif element is False:
+        return false
+    return element
+
+
+def uniq(container):
+    """
+    Check if all of a container's elements are unique.
+
+    Tries to rely on the container being recursively sortable, or otherwise
+    falls back on (slow) brute force.
+    """
+    try:
+        sort = sorted(unbool(i) for i in container)
+        sliced = itertools.islice(sort, 1, None)
+
+        for i, j in zip(sort, sliced):
+            if equal(i, j):
+                return False
+
+    except (NotImplementedError, TypeError):
+        seen = []
+        for e in container:
+            e = unbool(e)
+
+            for i in seen:
+                if equal(i, e):
+                    return False
+
+            seen.append(e)
+    return True
+
+
+def find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    """
+    Get all indexes of items that get evaluated under the current schema.
+
+    Covers all keywords related to unevaluatedItems: items, prefixItems, if,
+    then, else, contains, unevaluatedItems, allOf, oneOf, anyOf
+    """
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_indexes = []
+
+    if "items" in schema:
+        return list(range(len(instance)))
+
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(ref)
+        evaluated_indexes.extend(
+            find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    dynamicRef = schema.get("$dynamicRef")
+    if dynamicRef is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(dynamicRef)
+        evaluated_indexes.extend(
+            find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    if "prefixItems" in schema:
+        evaluated_indexes += list(range(len(schema["prefixItems"])))
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        elif "else" in schema:
+            evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["else"],
+            )
+
+    for keyword in ["contains", "unevaluatedItems"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for k, v in enumerate(instance):
+                if validator.evolve(schema=schema[keyword]).is_valid(v):
+                    evaluated_indexes.append(k)
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = next(validator.descend(instance, subschema), None)
+                if errs is None:
+                    evaluated_indexes += find_evaluated_item_indexes_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    return evaluated_indexes
+
+
+def find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(validator, instance, schema):
+    """
+    Get all keys of items that get evaluated under the current schema.
+
+    Covers all keywords related to unevaluatedProperties: properties,
+    additionalProperties, unevaluatedProperties, patternProperties,
+    dependentSchemas, allOf, oneOf, anyOf, if, then, else
+    """
+    if validator.is_type(schema, "boolean"):
+        return []
+    evaluated_keys = []
+
+    ref = schema.get("$ref")
+    if ref is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(ref)
+        evaluated_keys.extend(
+            find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    dynamicRef = schema.get("$dynamicRef")
+    if dynamicRef is not None:
+        resolved = validator._resolver.lookup(dynamicRef)
+        evaluated_keys.extend(
+            find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator.evolve(
+                    schema=resolved.contents,
+                    _resolver=resolved.resolver,
+                ),
+                instance,
+                resolved.contents,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    for keyword in [
+        "properties", "additionalProperties", "unevaluatedProperties",
+    ]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            schema_value = schema[keyword]
+            if validator.is_type(schema_value, "boolean") and schema_value:
+                evaluated_keys += instance.keys()
+
+            elif validator.is_type(schema_value, "object"):
+                for property in schema_value:
+                    if property in instance:
+                        evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "patternProperties" in schema:
+        for property in instance:
+            for pattern in schema["patternProperties"]:
+                if re.search(pattern, property):
+                    evaluated_keys.append(property)
+
+    if "dependentSchemas" in schema:
+        for property, subschema in schema["dependentSchemas"].items():
+            if property not in instance:
+                continue
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, subschema,
+            )
+
+    for keyword in ["allOf", "oneOf", "anyOf"]:
+        if keyword in schema:
+            for subschema in schema[keyword]:
+                errs = next(validator.descend(instance, subschema), None)
+                if errs is None:
+                    evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                        validator, instance, subschema,
+                    )
+
+    if "if" in schema:
+        if validator.evolve(schema=schema["if"]).is_valid(instance):
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["if"],
+            )
+            if "then" in schema:
+                evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                    validator, instance, schema["then"],
+                )
+        elif "else" in schema:
+            evaluated_keys += find_evaluated_property_keys_by_schema(
+                validator, instance, schema["else"],
+            )
+
+    return evaluated_keys

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""
+Benchmarks for validation.
+
+This package is *not* public API.
+"""

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/const_vs_enum.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""
+A benchmark for comparing equivalent validation of `const` and `enum`.
+"""
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator
+
+value = [37] * 100
+const_schema = {"const": list(value)}
+enum_schema = {"enum": [list(value)]}
+
+valid = list(value)
+invalid = [*valid, 73]
+
+const = Draft202012Validator(const_schema)
+enum = Draft202012Validator(enum_schema)
+
+assert const.is_valid(valid)
+assert enum.is_valid(valid)
+assert not const.is_valid(invalid)
+assert not enum.is_valid(invalid)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    runner = Runner()
+    runner.bench_func("const valid", lambda: const.is_valid(valid))
+    runner.bench_func("const invalid", lambda: const.is_valid(invalid))
+    runner.bench_func("enum valid", lambda: enum.is_valid(valid))
+    runner.bench_func("enum invalid", lambda: enum.is_valid(invalid))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/contains.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+A benchmark for validation of the `contains` keyword.
+"""
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator
+
+schema = {
+    "type": "array",
+    "contains": {"const": 37},
+}
+validator = Draft202012Validator(schema)
+
+size = 1000
+beginning = [37] + [0] * (size - 1)
+middle = [0] * (size // 2) + [37] + [0] * (size // 2)
+end = [0] * (size - 1) + [37]
+invalid = [0] * size
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    runner = Runner()
+    runner.bench_func("baseline", lambda: validator.is_valid([]))
+    runner.bench_func("beginning", lambda: validator.is_valid(beginning))
+    runner.bench_func("middle", lambda: validator.is_valid(middle))
+    runner.bench_func("end", lambda: validator.is_valid(end))
+    runner.bench_func("invalid", lambda: validator.is_valid(invalid))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/issue232.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the example from issue #232.
+
+See https://github.com/python-jsonschema/jsonschema/pull/232.
+"""
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+from referencing import Registry
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Version
+import jsonschema
+
+issue232 = Version(
+    path=Path(__file__).parent / "issue232",
+    remotes=Registry(),
+    name="issue232",
+)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    issue232.benchmark(
+        runner=Runner(),
+        Validator=jsonschema.Draft4Validator,
+    )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/json_schema_test_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""
+A performance benchmark using the official test suite.
+
+This benchmarks jsonschema using every valid example in the
+JSON-Schema-Test-Suite. It will take some time to complete.
+"""
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    Suite().benchmark(runner=Runner())

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/nested_schemas.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""
+Validating highly nested schemas shouldn't cause exponential time blowups.
+
+See https://github.com/python-jsonschema/jsonschema/issues/1097.
+"""
+from itertools import cycle
+
+from jsonschema.validators import validator_for
+
+metaschemaish = {
+    "$id": "https://example.com/draft/2020-12/schema/strict",
+    "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+
+    "$vocabulary": {
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/core": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/applicator": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/unevaluated": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/validation": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/meta-data": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/format-annotation": True,
+        "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/vocab/content": True,
+    },
+    "$dynamicAnchor": "meta",
+
+    "$ref": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
+    "unevaluatedProperties": False,
+}
+
+
+def nested_schema(levels):
+    """
+    Produce a schema which validates deeply nested objects and arrays.
+    """
+
+    names = cycle(["foo", "bar", "baz", "quux", "spam", "eggs"])
+    schema = {"type": "object", "properties": {"ham": {"type": "string"}}}
+    for _, name in zip(range(levels - 1), names):
+        schema = {"type": "object", "properties": {name: schema}}
+    return schema
+
+
+validator = validator_for(metaschemaish)(metaschemaish)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pyperf import Runner
+    runner = Runner()
+
+    not_nested = nested_schema(levels=1)
+    runner.bench_func("not nested", lambda: validator.is_valid(not_nested))
+
+    for levels in range(1, 11, 3):
+        schema = nested_schema(levels=levels)
+        runner.bench_func(
+            f"nested * {levels}",
+            lambda schema=schema: validator.is_valid(schema),
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/subcomponents.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""
+A benchmark which tries to compare the possible slow subparts of validation.
+"""
+from referencing import Registry
+from referencing.jsonschema import DRAFT202012
+from rpds import HashTrieMap, HashTrieSet
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator
+
+schema = {
+    "type": "array",
+    "minLength": 1,
+    "maxLength": 1,
+    "items": {"type": "integer"},
+}
+
+hmap = HashTrieMap()
+hset = HashTrieSet()
+
+registry = Registry()
+
+v = Draft202012Validator(schema)
+
+
+def registry_data_structures():
+    return hmap.insert("foo", "bar"), hset.insert("foo")
+
+
+def registry_add():
+    resource = DRAFT202012.create_resource(schema)
+    return registry.with_resource(uri="urn:example", resource=resource)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from pyperf import Runner
+    runner = Runner()
+
+    runner.bench_func("HashMap/HashSet insertion", registry_data_structures)
+    runner.bench_func("Registry insertion", registry_add)
+    runner.bench_func("Success", lambda: v.is_valid([1]))
+    runner.bench_func("Failure", lambda: v.is_valid(["foo"]))
+    runner.bench_func("Metaschema validation", lambda: v.check_schema(schema))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/unused_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+An unused schema registry should not cause slower validation.
+
+"Unused" here means one where no reference resolution is occurring anyhow.
+
+See https://github.com/python-jsonschema/jsonschema/issues/1088.
+"""
+from pyperf import Runner
+from referencing import Registry
+from referencing.jsonschema import DRAFT201909
+
+from jsonschema import Draft201909Validator
+
+registry = Registry().with_resource(
+    "urn:example:foo",
+    DRAFT201909.create_resource({}),
+)
+
+schema = {"$ref": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/schema"}
+instance = {"maxLength": 4}
+
+no_registry = Draft201909Validator(schema)
+with_useless_registry = Draft201909Validator(schema, registry=registry)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    runner = Runner()
+
+    runner.bench_func(
+        "no registry",
+        lambda: no_registry.is_valid(instance),
+    )
+    runner.bench_func(
+        "useless registry",
+        lambda: with_useless_registry.is_valid(instance),
+    )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/useless_applicator_schemas.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+
+"""
+A benchmark for validation of applicators containing lots of useless schemas.
+
+Signals a small possible optimization to remove all such schemas ahead of time.
+"""
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator as Validator
+
+NUM_USELESS = 100000
+
+subschema = {"const": 37}
+
+valid = 37
+invalid = 12
+
+baseline = Validator(subschema)
+
+
+# These should be indistinguishable from just `subschema`
+by_name = {
+    "single subschema": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [subschema]}),
+        "allOf": Validator({"allOf": [subschema]}),
+        "oneOf": Validator({"oneOf": [subschema]}),
+    },
+    "redundant subschemas": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [subschema] * NUM_USELESS}),
+        "allOf": Validator({"allOf": [subschema] * NUM_USELESS}),
+    },
+    "useless successful subschemas (beginning)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [subschema, *[True] * NUM_USELESS]}),
+        "allOf": Validator({"allOf": [subschema, *[True] * NUM_USELESS]}),
+    },
+    "useless successful subschemas (middle)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator(
+            {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    *[True] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                    subschema,
+                    *[True] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                ],
+            },
+        ),
+        "allOf": Validator(
+            {
+                "allOf": [
+                    *[True] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                    subschema,
+                    *[True] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                ],
+            },
+        ),
+    },
+    "useless successful subschemas (end)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [*[True] * NUM_USELESS, subschema]}),
+        "allOf": Validator({"allOf": [*[True] * NUM_USELESS, subschema]}),
+    },
+    "useless failing subschemas (beginning)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [subschema, *[False] * NUM_USELESS]}),
+        "oneOf": Validator({"oneOf": [subschema, *[False] * NUM_USELESS]}),
+    },
+    "useless failing subschemas (middle)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator(
+            {
+                "anyOf": [
+                    *[False] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                    subschema,
+                    *[False] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                ],
+            },
+        ),
+        "oneOf": Validator(
+            {
+                "oneOf": [
+                    *[False] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                    subschema,
+                    *[False] * (NUM_USELESS // 2),
+                ],
+            },
+        ),
+    },
+    "useless failing subschemas (end)": {
+        "anyOf": Validator({"anyOf": [*[False] * NUM_USELESS, subschema]}),
+        "oneOf": Validator({"oneOf": [*[False] * NUM_USELESS, subschema]}),
+    },
+}
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    runner = Runner()
+
+    runner.bench_func("baseline valid", lambda: baseline.is_valid(valid))
+    runner.bench_func("baseline invalid", lambda: baseline.is_valid(invalid))
+
+    for group, applicators in by_name.items():
+        for applicator, validator in applicators.items():
+            runner.bench_func(
+                f"{group}: {applicator} valid",
+                lambda validator=validator: validator.is_valid(valid),
+            )
+            runner.bench_func(
+                f"{group}: {applicator} invalid",
+                lambda validator=validator: validator.is_valid(invalid),
+            )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/useless_keywords.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""
+A benchmark for validation of schemas containing lots of useless keywords.
+
+Checks we filter them out once, ahead of time.
+"""
+
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator
+
+NUM_USELESS = 100000
+schema = dict(
+    [
+        ("not", {"const": 42}),
+        *((str(i), i) for i in range(NUM_USELESS)),
+        ("type", "integer"),
+        *((str(i), i) for i in range(NUM_USELESS, NUM_USELESS)),
+        ("minimum", 37),
+    ],
+)
+validator = Draft202012Validator(schema)
+
+valid = 3737
+invalid = 12
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    runner = Runner()
+    runner.bench_func("beginning of schema", lambda: validator.is_valid(42))
+    runner.bench_func("middle of schema", lambda: validator.is_valid("foo"))
+    runner.bench_func("end of schema", lambda: validator.is_valid(12))
+    runner.bench_func("valid", lambda: validator.is_valid(3737))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/benchmarks/validator_creation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from pyperf import Runner
+
+from jsonschema import Draft202012Validator
+
+schema = {
+    "type": "array",
+    "minLength": 1,
+    "maxLength": 1,
+    "items": {"type": "integer"},
+}
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    Runner().bench_func("validator creation", Draft202012Validator, schema)

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+"""
+The ``jsonschema`` command line.
+"""
+
+from importlib import metadata
+from json import JSONDecodeError
+from textwrap import dedent
+import argparse
+import json
+import sys
+import traceback
+import warnings
+
+try:
+    from pkgutil import resolve_name
+except ImportError:
+    from pkgutil_resolve_name import resolve_name  # type: ignore[no-redef]
+
+from attrs import define, field
+
+from jsonschema.exceptions import SchemaError
+from jsonschema.validators import _RefResolver, validator_for
+
+warnings.warn(
+    (
+        "The jsonschema CLI is deprecated and will be removed in a future "
+        "version. Please use check-jsonschema instead, which can be installed "
+        "from https://pypi.org/project/check-jsonschema/"
+    ),
+    DeprecationWarning,
+    stacklevel=2,
+)
+
+
+class _CannotLoadFile(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+@define
+class _Outputter:
+
+    _formatter = field()
+    _stdout = field()
+    _stderr = field()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_arguments(cls, arguments, stdout, stderr):
+        if arguments["output"] == "plain":
+            formatter = _PlainFormatter(arguments["error_format"])
+        elif arguments["output"] == "pretty":
+            formatter = _PrettyFormatter()
+        return cls(formatter=formatter, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr)
+
+    def load(self, path):
+        try:
+            file = open(path)  # noqa: SIM115, PTH123
+        except FileNotFoundError as error:
+            self.filenotfound_error(path=path, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+            raise _CannotLoadFile() from error
+
+        with file:
+            try:
+                return json.load(file)
+            except JSONDecodeError as error:
+                self.parsing_error(path=path, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
+                raise _CannotLoadFile() from error
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.filenotfound_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def parsing_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.parsing_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def validation_error(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stderr.write(self._formatter.validation_error(**kwargs))
+
+    def validation_success(self, **kwargs):
+        self._stdout.write(self._formatter.validation_success(**kwargs))
+
+
+@define
+class _PrettyFormatter:
+
+    _ERROR_MSG = dedent(
+        """\
+        ===[{type}]===({path})===
+
+        {body}
+        -----------------------------
+        """,
+    )
+    _SUCCESS_MSG = "===[SUCCESS]===({path})===\n"
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=path,
+            type="FileNotFoundError",
+            body=f"{path!r} does not exist.",
+        )
+
+    def parsing_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = exc_info
+        exc_lines = "".join(
+            traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback),
+        )
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=path,
+            type=exc_type.__name__,
+            body=exc_lines,
+        )
+
+    def validation_error(self, instance_path, error):
+        return self._ERROR_MSG.format(
+            path=instance_path,
+            type=error.__class__.__name__,
+            body=error,
+        )
+
+    def validation_success(self, instance_path):
+        return self._SUCCESS_MSG.format(path=instance_path)
+
+
+@define
+class _PlainFormatter:
+
+    _error_format = field()
+
+    def filenotfound_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return f"{path!r} does not exist.\n"
+
+    def parsing_error(self, path, exc_info):
+        return "Failed to parse {}: {}\n".format(
+            "<stdin>" if path == "<stdin>" else repr(path),
+            exc_info[1],
+        )
+
+    def validation_error(self, instance_path, error):
+        return self._error_format.format(file_name=instance_path, error=error)
+
+    def validation_success(self, instance_path):
+        return ""
+
+
+def _resolve_name_with_default(name):
+    if "." not in name:
+        name = "jsonschema." + name
+    return resolve_name(name)
+
+
+parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    description="JSON Schema Validation CLI",
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-i", "--instance",
+    action="append",
+    dest="instances",
+    help="""
+        a path to a JSON instance (i.e. filename.json) to validate (may
+        be specified multiple times). If no instances are provided via this
+        option, one will be expected on standard input.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-F", "--error-format",
+    help="""
+        the format to use for each validation error message, specified
+        in a form suitable for str.format. This string will be passed
+        one formatted object named 'error' for each ValidationError.
+        Only provide this option when using --output=plain, which is the
+        default. If this argument is unprovided and --output=plain is
+        used, a simple default representation will be used.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-o", "--output",
+    choices=["plain", "pretty"],
+    default="plain",
+    help="""
+        an output format to use. 'plain' (default) will produce minimal
+        text with one line for each error, while 'pretty' will produce
+        more detailed human-readable output on multiple lines.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "-V", "--validator",
+    type=_resolve_name_with_default,
+    help="""
+        the fully qualified object name of a validator to use, or, for
+        validators that are registered with jsonschema, simply the name
+        of the class.
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "--base-uri",
+    help="""
+        a base URI to assign to the provided schema, even if it does not
+        declare one (via e.g. $id). This option can be used if you wish to
+        resolve relative references to a particular URI (or local path)
+    """,
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "--version",
+    action="version",
+    version=metadata.version("jsonschema"),
+)
+parser.add_argument(
+    "schema",
+    help="the path to a JSON Schema to validate with (i.e. schema.json)",
+)
+
+
+def parse_args(args):  # noqa: D103
+    arguments = vars(parser.parse_args(args=args or ["--help"]))
+    if arguments["output"] != "plain" and arguments["error_format"]:
+        raise parser.error(
+            "--error-format can only be used with --output plain",
+        )
+    if arguments["output"] == "plain" and arguments["error_format"] is None:
+        arguments["error_format"] = "{error.instance}: {error.message}\n"
+    return arguments
+
+
+def _validate_instance(instance_path, instance, validator, outputter):
+    invalid = False
+    for error in validator.iter_errors(instance):
+        invalid = True
+        outputter.validation_error(instance_path=instance_path, error=error)
+
+    if not invalid:
+        outputter.validation_success(instance_path=instance_path)
+    return invalid
+
+
+def main(args=sys.argv[1:]):  # noqa: D103
+    sys.exit(run(arguments=parse_args(args=args)))
+
+
+def run(arguments, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr, stdin=sys.stdin):  # noqa: D103
+    outputter = _Outputter.from_arguments(
+        arguments=arguments,
+        stdout=stdout,
+        stderr=stderr,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        schema = outputter.load(arguments["schema"])
+    except _CannotLoadFile:
+        return 1
+
+    Validator = arguments["validator"]
+    if Validator is None:
+        Validator = validator_for(schema)
+
+    try:
+        Validator.check_schema(schema)
+    except SchemaError as error:
+        outputter.validation_error(
+            instance_path=arguments["schema"],
+            error=error,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    if arguments["instances"]:
+        load, instances = outputter.load, arguments["instances"]
+    else:
+        def load(_):
+            try:
+                return json.load(stdin)
+            except JSONDecodeError as error:
+                outputter.parsing_error(
+                    path="<stdin>", exc_info=sys.exc_info(),
+                )
+                raise _CannotLoadFile() from error
+        instances = ["<stdin>"]
+
+    resolver = _RefResolver(
+        base_uri=arguments["base_uri"],
+        referrer=schema,
+    ) if arguments["base_uri"] is not None else None
+
+    validator = Validator(schema, resolver=resolver)
+    exit_code = 0
+    for each in instances:
+        try:
+            instance = load(each)
+        except _CannotLoadFile:
+            exit_code = 1
+        else:
+            exit_code |= _validate_instance(
+                instance_path=each,
+                instance=instance,
+                validator=validator,
+                outputter=outputter,
+            )
+
+    return exit_code

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,487 @@
+"""
+Validation errors, and some surrounding helpers.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections import defaultdict, deque
+from pprint import pformat
+from textwrap import dedent, indent
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, ClassVar
+import heapq
+import itertools
+import warnings
+
+from attrs import define
+from referencing.exceptions import Unresolvable as _Unresolvable
+
+from jsonschema import _utils
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, MutableMapping, Sequence
+
+    from jsonschema import _types
+
+WEAK_MATCHES: frozenset[str] = frozenset(["anyOf", "oneOf"])
+STRONG_MATCHES: frozenset[str] = frozenset()
+
+_unset = _utils.Unset()
+
+
+def _pretty(thing: Any, prefix: str):
+    """
+    Format something for an error message as prettily as we currently can.
+    """
+    return indent(pformat(thing, width=72, sort_dicts=False), prefix).lstrip()
+
+
+def __getattr__(name):
+    if name == "RefResolutionError":
+        warnings.warn(
+            _RefResolutionError._DEPRECATION_MESSAGE,
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _RefResolutionError
+    raise AttributeError(f"module {__name__} has no attribute {name}")
+
+
+class _Error(Exception):
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message: ClassVar[str]
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message: ClassVar[str]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        validator: str = _unset,  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        path: Iterable[str | int] = (),
+        cause: Exception | None = None,
+        context=(),
+        validator_value: Any = _unset,
+        instance: Any = _unset,
+        schema: Mapping[str, Any] | bool = _unset,  # type: ignore[assignment]
+        schema_path: Iterable[str | int] = (),
+        parent: _Error | None = None,
+        type_checker: _types.TypeChecker = _unset,  # type: ignore[assignment]
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            message,
+            validator,
+            path,
+            cause,
+            context,
+            validator_value,
+            instance,
+            schema,
+            schema_path,
+            parent,
+        )
+        self.message = message
+        self.path = self.relative_path = deque(path)
+        self.schema_path = self.relative_schema_path = deque(schema_path)
+        self.context = list(context)
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+        self.validator = validator
+        self.validator_value = validator_value
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+        self.parent = parent
+        self._type_checker = type_checker
+
+        for error in context:
+            error.parent = self
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}: {self.message!r}>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        essential_for_verbose = (
+            self.validator, self.validator_value, self.instance, self.schema,
+        )
+        if any(m is _unset for m in essential_for_verbose):
+            return self.message
+
+        schema_path = _utils.format_as_index(
+            container=self._word_for_schema_in_error_message,
+            indices=list(self.relative_schema_path)[:-1],
+        )
+        instance_path = _utils.format_as_index(
+            container=self._word_for_instance_in_error_message,
+            indices=self.relative_path,
+        )
+        prefix = 16 * " "
+
+        return dedent(
+            f"""\
+            {self.message}
+
+            Failed validating {self.validator!r} in {schema_path}:
+                {_pretty(self.schema, prefix=prefix)}
+
+            On {instance_path}:
+                {_pretty(self.instance, prefix=prefix)}
+            """.rstrip(),
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create_from(cls, other: _Error):
+        return cls(**other._contents())
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_path(self) -> Sequence[str | int]:
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_path))
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def absolute_schema_path(self) -> Sequence[str | int]:
+        parent = self.parent
+        if parent is None:
+            return self.relative_schema_path
+
+        path = deque(self.relative_schema_path)
+        path.extendleft(reversed(parent.absolute_schema_path))
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def json_path(self) -> str:
+        path = "$"
+        for elem in self.absolute_path:
+            if isinstance(elem, int):
+                path += "[" + str(elem) + "]"
+            else:
+                path += "." + elem
+        return path
+
+    def _set(
+        self,
+        type_checker: _types.TypeChecker | None = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if type_checker is not None and self._type_checker is _unset:
+            self._type_checker = type_checker
+
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
+            if getattr(self, k) is _unset:
+                setattr(self, k, v)
+
+    def _contents(self):
+        attrs = (
+            "message", "cause", "context", "validator", "validator_value",
+            "path", "schema_path", "instance", "schema", "parent",
+        )
+        return {attr: getattr(self, attr) for attr in attrs}
+
+    def _matches_type(self) -> bool:
+        try:
+            # We ignore this as we want to simply crash if this happens
+            expected = self.schema["type"]  # type: ignore[index]
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
+            return False
+
+        if isinstance(expected, str):
+            return self._type_checker.is_type(self.instance, expected)
+
+        return any(
+            self._type_checker.is_type(self.instance, expected_type)
+            for expected_type in expected
+        )
+
+
+class ValidationError(_Error):
+    """
+    An instance was invalid under a provided schema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "schema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "instance"
+
+
+class SchemaError(_Error):
+    """
+    A schema was invalid under its corresponding metaschema.
+    """
+
+    _word_for_schema_in_error_message = "metaschema"
+    _word_for_instance_in_error_message = "schema"
+
+
+@define(slots=False)
+class _RefResolutionError(Exception):
+    """
+    A ref could not be resolved.
+    """
+
+    _DEPRECATION_MESSAGE = (
+        "jsonschema.exceptions.RefResolutionError is deprecated as of version "
+        "4.18.0. If you wish to catch potential reference resolution errors, "
+        "directly catch referencing.exceptions.Unresolvable."
+    )
+
+    _cause: Exception
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if self.__class__ is not other.__class__:
+            return NotImplemented  # pragma: no cover -- uncovered but deprecated  # noqa: E501
+        return self._cause == other._cause
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self._cause)
+
+
+class _WrappedReferencingError(_RefResolutionError, _Unresolvable):  # pragma: no cover -- partially uncovered but to be removed  # noqa: E501
+    def __init__(self, cause: _Unresolvable):
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_wrapped", cause)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if other.__class__ is self.__class__:
+            return self._wrapped == other._wrapped
+        elif other.__class__ is self._wrapped.__class__:
+            return self._wrapped == other
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        return getattr(self._wrapped, attr)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._wrapped)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<WrappedReferencingError {self._wrapped!r}>"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self._wrapped.__class__.__name__}: {self._wrapped}"
+
+
+class UndefinedTypeCheck(Exception):
+    """
+    A type checker was asked to check a type it did not have registered.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type: str) -> None:
+        self.type = type
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Type {self.type!r} is unknown to this type checker"
+
+
+class UnknownType(Exception):
+    """
+    A validator was asked to validate an instance against an unknown type.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, type, instance, schema):
+        self.type = type
+        self.instance = instance
+        self.schema = schema
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        prefix = 16 * " "
+
+        return dedent(
+            f"""\
+            Unknown type {self.type!r} for validator with schema:
+                {_pretty(self.schema, prefix=prefix)}
+
+            While checking instance:
+                {_pretty(self.instance, prefix=prefix)}
+            """.rstrip(),
+        )
+
+
+class FormatError(Exception):
+    """
+    Validating a format failed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message, cause=None):
+        super().__init__(message, cause)
+        self.message = message
+        self.cause = self.__cause__ = cause
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.message
+
+
+class ErrorTree:
+    """
+    ErrorTrees make it easier to check which validations failed.
+    """
+
+    _instance = _unset
+
+    def __init__(self, errors: Iterable[ValidationError] = ()):
+        self.errors: MutableMapping[str, ValidationError] = {}
+        self._contents: Mapping[str, ErrorTree] = defaultdict(self.__class__)
+
+        for error in errors:
+            container = self
+            for element in error.path:
+                container = container[element]
+            container.errors[error.validator] = error
+
+            container._instance = error.instance
+
+    def __contains__(self, index: str | int):
+        """
+        Check whether ``instance[index]`` has any errors.
+        """
+        return index in self._contents
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """
+        Retrieve the child tree one level down at the given ``index``.
+
+        If the index is not in the instance that this tree corresponds
+        to and is not known by this tree, whatever error would be raised
+        by ``instance.__getitem__`` will be propagated (usually this is
+        some subclass of `LookupError`.
+        """
+        if self._instance is not _unset and index not in self:
+            self._instance[index]
+        return self._contents[index]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index: str | int, value: ErrorTree):
+        """
+        Add an error to the tree at the given ``index``.
+
+        .. deprecated:: v4.20.0
+
+            Setting items on an `ErrorTree` is deprecated without replacement.
+            To populate a tree, provide all of its sub-errors when you
+            construct the tree.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "ErrorTree.__setitem__ is deprecated without replacement.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        self._contents[index] = value  # type: ignore[index]
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Iterate (non-recursively) over the indices in the instance with errors.
+        """
+        return iter(self._contents)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        """
+        Return the `total_errors`.
+        """
+        return self.total_errors
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        total = len(self)
+        errors = "error" if total == 1 else "errors"
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} ({total} total {errors})>"
+
+    @property
+    def total_errors(self):
+        """
+        The total number of errors in the entire tree, including children.
+        """
+        child_errors = sum(len(tree) for _, tree in self._contents.items())
+        return len(self.errors) + child_errors
+
+
+def by_relevance(weak=WEAK_MATCHES, strong=STRONG_MATCHES):
+    """
+    Create a key function that can be used to sort errors by relevance.
+
+    Arguments:
+        weak (set):
+            a collection of validation keywords to consider to be
+            "weak".  If there are two errors at the same level of the
+            instance and one is in the set of weak validation keywords,
+            the other error will take priority. By default, :kw:`anyOf`
+            and :kw:`oneOf` are considered weak keywords and will be
+            superseded by other same-level validation errors.
+
+        strong (set):
+            a collection of validation keywords to consider to be
+            "strong"
+
+    """
+
+    def relevance(error):
+        validator = error.validator
+        return (                        # prefer errors which are ...
+            -len(error.path),           # 'deeper' and thereby more specific
+            error.path,                 # earlier (for sibling errors)
+            validator not in weak,      # for a non-low-priority keyword
+            validator in strong,        # for a high priority keyword
+            not error._matches_type(),  # at least match the instance's type
+        )                               # otherwise we'll treat them the same
+
+    return relevance
+
+
+relevance = by_relevance()
+"""
+A key function (e.g. to use with `sorted`) which sorts errors by relevance.
+
+Example:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    sorted(validator.iter_errors(12), key=jsonschema.exceptions.relevance)
+"""
+
+
+def best_match(errors, key=relevance):
+    """
+    Try to find an error that appears to be the best match among given errors.
+
+    In general, errors that are higher up in the instance (i.e. for which
+    `ValidationError.path` is shorter) are considered better matches,
+    since they indicate "more" is wrong with the instance.
+
+    If the resulting match is either :kw:`oneOf` or :kw:`anyOf`, the
+    *opposite* assumption is made -- i.e. the deepest error is picked,
+    since these keywords only need to match once, and any other errors
+    may not be relevant.
+
+    Arguments:
+        errors (collections.abc.Iterable):
+
+            the errors to select from. Do not provide a mixture of
+            errors from different validation attempts (i.e. from
+            different instances or schemas), since it won't produce
+            sensical output.
+
+        key (collections.abc.Callable):
+
+            the key to use when sorting errors. See `relevance` and
+            transitively `by_relevance` for more details (the default is
+            to sort with the defaults of that function). Changing the
+            default is only useful if you want to change the function
+            that rates errors but still want the error context descent
+            done by this function.
+
+    Returns:
+        the best matching error, or ``None`` if the iterable was empty
+
+    .. note::
+
+        This function is a heuristic. Its return value may change for a given
+        set of inputs from version to version if better heuristics are added.
+
+    """
+    errors = iter(errors)
+    best = next(errors, None)
+    if best is None:
+        return
+    best = max(itertools.chain([best], errors), key=key)
+
+    while best.context:
+        # Calculate the minimum via nsmallest, because we don't recurse if
+        # all nested errors have the same relevance (i.e. if min == max == all)
+        smallest = heapq.nsmallest(2, best.context, key=key)
+        if len(smallest) == 2 and key(smallest[0]) == key(smallest[1]):  # noqa: PLR2004
+            return best
+        best = smallest[0]
+    return best

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/protocols.py

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+"""
+typing.Protocol classes for jsonschema interfaces.
+"""
+
+# for reference material on Protocols, see
+#   https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0544/
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    ClassVar,
+    Iterable,
+    Protocol,
+    runtime_checkable,
+)
+
+# in order for Sphinx to resolve references accurately from type annotations,
+# it needs to see names like `jsonschema.TypeChecker`
+# therefore, only import at type-checking time (to avoid circular references),
+# but use `jsonschema` for any types which will otherwise not be resolvable
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Mapping
+
+    import referencing.jsonschema
+
+    from jsonschema import _typing
+    from jsonschema.exceptions import ValidationError
+    import jsonschema
+    import jsonschema.validators
+
+# For code authors working on the validator protocol, these are the three
+# use-cases which should be kept in mind:
+#
+# 1. As a protocol class, it can be used in type annotations to describe the
+#    available methods and attributes of a validator
+# 2. It is the source of autodoc for the validator documentation
+# 3. It is runtime_checkable, meaning that it can be used in isinstance()
+#    checks.
+#
+# Since protocols are not base classes, isinstance() checking is limited in
+# its capabilities. See docs on runtime_checkable for detail
+
+
+@runtime_checkable
+class Validator(Protocol):
+    """
+    The protocol to which all validator classes adhere.
+
+    Arguments:
+
+        schema:
+
+            The schema that the validator object will validate with.
+            It is assumed to be valid, and providing
+            an invalid schema can lead to undefined behavior. See
+            `Validator.check_schema` to validate a schema first.
+
+        registry:
+
+            a schema registry that will be used for looking up JSON references
+
+        resolver:
+
+            a resolver that will be used to resolve :kw:`$ref`
+            properties (JSON references). If unprovided, one will be created.
+
+            .. deprecated:: v4.18.0
+
+                `RefResolver <_RefResolver>` has been deprecated in favor of
+                `referencing`, and with it, this argument.
+
+        format_checker:
+
+            if provided, a checker which will be used to assert about
+            :kw:`format` properties present in the schema. If unprovided,
+            *no* format validation is done, and the presence of format
+            within schemas is strictly informational. Certain formats
+            require additional packages to be installed in order to assert
+            against instances. Ensure you've installed `jsonschema` with
+            its `extra (optional) dependencies <index:extras>` when
+            invoking ``pip``.
+
+    .. deprecated:: v4.12.0
+
+        Subclassing validator classes now explicitly warns this is not part of
+        their public API.
+
+    """
+
+    #: An object representing the validator's meta schema (the schema that
+    #: describes valid schemas in the given version).
+    META_SCHEMA: ClassVar[Mapping]
+
+    #: A mapping of validation keywords (`str`\s) to functions that
+    #: validate the keyword with that name. For more information see
+    #: `creating-validators`.
+    VALIDATORS: ClassVar[Mapping]
+
+    #: A `jsonschema.TypeChecker` that will be used when validating
+    #: :kw:`type` keywords in JSON schemas.
+    TYPE_CHECKER: ClassVar[jsonschema.TypeChecker]
+
+    #: A `jsonschema.FormatChecker` that will be used when validating
+    #: :kw:`format` keywords in JSON schemas.
+    FORMAT_CHECKER: ClassVar[jsonschema.FormatChecker]
+
+    #: A function which given a schema returns its ID.
+    ID_OF: _typing.id_of
+
+    #: The schema that will be used to validate instances
+    schema: Mapping | bool
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        schema: Mapping | bool,
+        registry: referencing.jsonschema.SchemaRegistry,
+        format_checker: jsonschema.FormatChecker | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        ...
+
+    @classmethod
+    def check_schema(cls, schema: Mapping | bool) -> None:
+        """
+        Validate the given schema against the validator's `META_SCHEMA`.
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError`:
+
+                if the schema is invalid
+
+        """
+
+    def is_type(self, instance: Any, type: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is of the given (JSON Schema) type.
+
+        Arguments:
+
+            instance:
+
+                the value to check
+
+            type:
+
+                the name of a known (JSON Schema) type
+
+        Returns:
+
+            whether the instance is of the given type
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.UnknownType`:
+
+                if ``type`` is not a known type
+
+        """
+
+    def is_valid(self, instance: Any) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is valid under the current `schema`.
+
+        Returns:
+
+            whether the instance is valid or not
+
+        >>> schema = {"maxItems" : 2}
+        >>> Draft202012Validator(schema).is_valid([2, 3, 4])
+        False
+
+        """
+
+    def iter_errors(self, instance: Any) -> Iterable[ValidationError]:
+        r"""
+        Lazily yield each of the validation errors in the given instance.
+
+        >>> schema = {
+        ...     "type" : "array",
+        ...     "items" : {"enum" : [1, 2, 3]},
+        ...     "maxItems" : 2,
+        ... }
+        >>> v = Draft202012Validator(schema)
+        >>> for error in sorted(v.iter_errors([2, 3, 4]), key=str):
+        ...     print(error.message)
+        4 is not one of [1, 2, 3]
+        [2, 3, 4] is too long
+
+        .. deprecated:: v4.0.0
+
+            Calling this function with a second schema argument is deprecated.
+            Use `Validator.evolve` instead.
+        """
+
+    def validate(self, instance: Any) -> None:
+        """
+        Check if the instance is valid under the current `schema`.
+
+        Raises:
+
+            `jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError`:
+
+                if the instance is invalid
+
+        >>> schema = {"maxItems" : 2}
+        >>> Draft202012Validator(schema).validate([2, 3, 4])
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+        ValidationError: [2, 3, 4] is too long
+
+        """
+
+    def evolve(self, **kwargs) -> Validator:
+        """
+        Create a new validator like this one, but with given changes.
+
+        Preserves all other attributes, so can be used to e.g. create a
+        validator with a different schema but with the same :kw:`$ref`
+        resolution behavior.
+
+        >>> validator = Draft202012Validator({})
+        >>> validator.evolve(schema={"type": "number"})
+        Draft202012Validator(schema={'type': 'number'}, format_checker=None)
+
+        The returned object satisfies the validator protocol, but may not
+        be of the same concrete class! In particular this occurs
+        when a :kw:`$ref` occurs to a schema with a different
+        :kw:`$schema` than this one (i.e. for a different draft).
+
+        >>> validator.evolve(
+        ...     schema={"$schema": Draft7Validator.META_SCHEMA["$id"]}
+        ... )
+        Draft7Validator(schema=..., format_checker=None)
+        """

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+"""
+Python representations of the JSON Schema Test Suite tests.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import suppress
+from functools import partial
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import unittest
+
+from attrs import field, frozen
+from referencing import Registry
+import referencing.jsonschema
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from collections.abc import Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
+
+    import pyperf
+
+from jsonschema.validators import _VALIDATORS
+import jsonschema
+
+_DELIMITERS = re.compile(r"[\W\- ]+")
+
+
+def _find_suite():
+    root = os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE")
+    if root is not None:
+        return Path(root)
+
+    root = Path(jsonschema.__file__).parent.parent / "json"
+    if not root.is_dir():  # pragma: no cover
+        raise ValueError(
+            (
+                "Can't find the JSON-Schema-Test-Suite directory. "
+                "Set the 'JSON_SCHEMA_TEST_SUITE' environment "
+                "variable or run the tests from alongside a checkout "
+                "of the suite."
+            ),
+        )
+    return root
+
+
+@frozen
+class Suite:
+
+    _root: Path = field(factory=_find_suite)
+    _remotes: referencing.jsonschema.SchemaRegistry = field(init=False)
+
+    def __attrs_post_init__(self):
+        jsonschema_suite = self._root.joinpath("bin", "jsonschema_suite")
+        argv = [sys.executable, str(jsonschema_suite), "remotes"]
+        remotes = subprocess.check_output(argv).decode("utf-8")
+
+        resources = json.loads(remotes)
+
+        li = "http://localhost:1234/locationIndependentIdentifierPre2019.json"
+        li4 = "http://localhost:1234/locationIndependentIdentifierDraft4.json"
+
+        registry = Registry().with_resources(
+            [
+                (
+                    li,
+                    referencing.jsonschema.DRAFT7.create_resource(
+                        contents=resources.pop(li),
+                    ),
+                ),
+                (
+                    li4,
+                    referencing.jsonschema.DRAFT4.create_resource(
+                        contents=resources.pop(li4),
+                    ),
+                ),
+            ],
+        ).with_contents(
+            resources.items(),
+            default_specification=referencing.jsonschema.DRAFT202012,
+        )
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_remotes", registry)
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner: pyperf.Runner):  # pragma: no cover
+        for name, Validator in _VALIDATORS.items():
+            self.version(name=name).benchmark(
+                runner=runner,
+                Validator=Validator,
+            )
+
+    def version(self, name) -> Version:
+        return Version(
+            name=name,
+            path=self._root / "tests" / name,
+            remotes=self._remotes,
+        )
+
+
+@frozen
+class Version:
+
+    _path: Path
+    _remotes: referencing.jsonschema.SchemaRegistry
+
+    name: str
+
+    def benchmark(self, **kwargs):  # pragma: no cover
+        for case in self.cases():
+            case.benchmark(**kwargs)
+
+    def cases(self) -> Iterable[_Case]:
+        return self._cases_in(paths=self._path.glob("*.json"))
+
+    def format_cases(self) -> Iterable[_Case]:
+        return self._cases_in(paths=self._path.glob("optional/format/*.json"))
+
+    def optional_cases_of(self, name: str) -> Iterable[_Case]:
+        return self._cases_in(paths=[self._path / "optional" / f"{name}.json"])
+
+    def to_unittest_testcase(self, *groups, **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", "Test" + self.name.title().replace("-", ""))
+        methods = {
+            method.__name__: method
+            for method in (
+                test.to_unittest_method(**kwargs)
+                for group in groups
+                for case in group
+                for test in case.tests
+            )
+        }
+        cls = type(name, (unittest.TestCase,), methods)
+
+        # We're doing crazy things, so if they go wrong, like a function
+        # behaving differently on some other interpreter, just make them
+        # not happen.
+        with suppress(Exception):
+            cls.__module__ = _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller()
+
+        return cls
+
+    def _cases_in(self, paths: Iterable[Path]) -> Iterable[_Case]:
+        for path in paths:
+            for case in json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")):
+                yield _Case.from_dict(
+                    case,
+                    version=self,
+                    subject=path.stem,
+                    remotes=self._remotes,
+                )
+
+
+@frozen
+class _Case:
+
+    version: Version
+
+    subject: str
+    description: str
+    schema: Mapping[str, Any] | bool
+    tests: list[_Test]
+    comment: str | None = None
+    specification: Sequence[dict[str, str]] = ()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data, remotes, **kwargs):
+        data.update(kwargs)
+        tests = [
+            _Test(
+                version=data["version"],
+                subject=data["subject"],
+                case_description=data["description"],
+                schema=data["schema"],
+                remotes=remotes,
+                **test,
+            ) for test in data.pop("tests")
+        ]
+        return cls(tests=tests, **data)
+
+    def benchmark(self, runner: pyperf.Runner, **kwargs):  # pragma: no cover
+        for test in self.tests:
+            runner.bench_func(
+                test.fully_qualified_name,
+                partial(test.validate_ignoring_errors, **kwargs),
+            )
+
+
+@frozen(repr=False)
+class _Test:
+
+    version: Version
+
+    subject: str
+    case_description: str
+    description: str
+
+    data: Any
+    schema: Mapping[str, Any] | bool
+
+    valid: bool
+
+    _remotes: referencing.jsonschema.SchemaRegistry
+
+    comment: str | None = None
+
+    def __repr__(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return f"<Test {self.fully_qualified_name}>"
+
+    @property
+    def fully_qualified_name(self):  # pragma: no cover
+        return " > ".join(  # noqa: FLY002
+            [
+                self.version.name,
+                self.subject,
+                self.case_description,
+                self.description,
+            ],
+        )
+
+    def to_unittest_method(self, skip=lambda test: None, **kwargs):
+        if self.valid:
+            def fn(this):
+                self.validate(**kwargs)
+        else:
+            def fn(this):
+                with this.assertRaises(jsonschema.ValidationError):
+                    self.validate(**kwargs)
+
+        fn.__name__ = "_".join(
+            [
+                "test",
+                _DELIMITERS.sub("_", self.subject),
+                _DELIMITERS.sub("_", self.case_description),
+                _DELIMITERS.sub("_", self.description),
+            ],
+        )
+        reason = skip(self)
+        if reason is None or os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_DEBUG", "0") != "0":
+            return fn
+        elif os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_EXPECTED_FAILURES", "0") != "0":  # pragma: no cover  # noqa: E501
+            return unittest.expectedFailure(fn)
+        else:
+            return unittest.skip(reason)(fn)
+
+    def validate(self, Validator, **kwargs):
+        Validator.check_schema(self.schema)
+        validator = Validator(
+            schema=self.schema,
+            registry=self._remotes,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+        if os.environ.get("JSON_SCHEMA_DEBUG", "0") != "0":  # pragma: no cover
+            breakpoint()  # noqa: T100
+        validator.validate(instance=self.data)
+
+    def validate_ignoring_errors(self, Validator):  # pragma: no cover
+        with suppress(jsonschema.ValidationError):
+            self.validate(Validator=Validator)
+
+
+def _someone_save_us_the_module_of_the_caller():
+    """
+    The FQON of the module 2nd stack frames up from here.
+
+    This is intended to allow us to dynamically return test case classes that
+    are indistinguishable from being defined in the module that wants them.
+
+    Otherwise, trial will mis-print the FQON, and copy pasting it won't re-run
+    the class that really is running.
+
+    Save us all, this is all so so so so so terrible.
+    """
+
+    return sys._getframe(2).f_globals["__name__"]

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/fuzz_validate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+"""
+Fuzzing setup for OSS-Fuzz.
+
+See https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz/tree/master/projects/jsonschema for the
+other half of the setup here.
+"""
+import sys
+
+from hypothesis import given, strategies
+
+import jsonschema
+
+PRIM = strategies.one_of(
+    strategies.booleans(),
+    strategies.integers(),
+    strategies.floats(allow_nan=False, allow_infinity=False),
+    strategies.text(),
+)
+DICT = strategies.recursive(
+    base=strategies.one_of(
+        strategies.booleans(),
+        strategies.dictionaries(strategies.text(), PRIM),
+    ),
+    extend=lambda inner: strategies.dictionaries(strategies.text(), inner),
+)
+
+
+@given(obj1=DICT, obj2=DICT)
+def test_schemas(obj1, obj2):
+    try:
+        jsonschema.validate(instance=obj1, schema=obj2)
+    except jsonschema.exceptions.ValidationError:
+        pass
+    except jsonschema.exceptions.SchemaError:
+        pass
+
+
+def main():
+    atheris.instrument_all()
+    atheris.Setup(
+        sys.argv,
+        test_schemas.hypothesis.fuzz_one_input,
+        enable_python_coverage=True,
+    )
+    atheris.Fuzz()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import atheris
+    main()

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_cli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,907 @@
+from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout
+from importlib import metadata
+from io import StringIO
+from json import JSONDecodeError
+from pathlib import Path
+from textwrap import dedent
+from unittest import TestCase
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import warnings
+
+from jsonschema import Draft4Validator, Draft202012Validator
+from jsonschema.exceptions import (
+    SchemaError,
+    ValidationError,
+    _RefResolutionError,
+)
+from jsonschema.validators import _LATEST_VERSION, validate
+
+with warnings.catch_warnings():
+    warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+    from jsonschema import cli
+
+
+def fake_validator(*errors):
+    errors = list(reversed(errors))
+
+    class FakeValidator:
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        def iter_errors(self, instance):
+            if errors:
+                return errors.pop()
+            return []  # pragma: no cover
+
+        @classmethod
+        def check_schema(self, schema):
+            pass
+
+    return FakeValidator
+
+
+def fake_open(all_contents):
+    def open(path):
+        contents = all_contents.get(path)
+        if contents is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError(path)
+        return StringIO(contents)
+    return open
+
+
+def _message_for(non_json):
+    try:
+        json.loads(non_json)
+    except JSONDecodeError as error:
+        return str(error)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        raise RuntimeError("Tried and failed to capture a JSON dump error.")
+
+
+class TestCLI(TestCase):
+    def run_cli(
+        self, argv, files=None, stdin=StringIO(), exit_code=0, **override,
+    ):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(argv)
+        arguments.update(override)
+
+        self.assertFalse(hasattr(cli, "open"))
+        cli.open = fake_open(files or {})
+        try:
+            stdout, stderr = StringIO(), StringIO()
+            actual_exit_code = cli.run(
+                arguments,
+                stdin=stdin,
+                stdout=stdout,
+                stderr=stderr,
+            )
+        finally:
+            del cli.open
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            actual_exit_code, exit_code, msg=dedent(
+                f"""
+                    Expected an exit code of {exit_code} != {actual_exit_code}.
+
+                    stdout: {stdout.getvalue()}
+
+                    stderr: {stderr.getvalue()}
+                """,
+            ),
+        )
+        return stdout.getvalue(), stderr.getvalue()
+
+    def assertOutputs(self, stdout="", stderr="", **kwargs):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            self.run_cli(**kwargs),
+            (dedent(stdout), dedent(stderr)),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="12: I am an error!\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_pretty_output(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                I am an error!
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_explicit_plain_output(self):
+        error = ValidationError("I am an error!", instance=12)
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(error.instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([error]),
+
+            argv=["--output", "plain", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="12: I am an error!\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_multiple_errors(self):
+        instance = 12
+        first = ValidationError("First error", instance=instance)
+        second = ValidationError("Second error", instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([first, second]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: First error
+                12: Second error
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_multiple_errors_pretty_output(self):
+        instance = 12
+        first = ValidationError("First error", instance=instance)
+        second = ValidationError("Second error", instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator([first, second]),
+
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                First error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_instance)===
+
+                Second error
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_invalid_instances(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: An error
+                12: Another error
+                foo: BOOM
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_invalid_instances_pretty_output(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_first_instance)===
+
+                An error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_first_instance)===
+
+                Another error
+                -----------------------------
+                ===[ValidationError]===(some_second_instance)===
+
+                BOOM
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_error_format(self):
+        first_instance = 12
+        first_errors = [
+            ValidationError("An error", instance=first_instance),
+            ValidationError("Another error", instance=first_instance),
+        ]
+        second_instance = "foo"
+        second_errors = [ValidationError("BOOM", instance=second_instance)]
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"does not": "matter since it is stubbed"}',
+                some_first_instance=json.dumps(first_instance),
+                some_second_instance=json.dumps(second_instance),
+            ),
+            validator=fake_validator(first_errors, second_errors),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--error-format", ":{error.message}._-_.{error.instance}:",
+                "-i", "some_first_instance",
+                "-i", "some_second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=":An error._-_.12::Another error._-_.12::BOOM._-_.foo:",
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"type": 12}'),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: 12 is not valid under any of the given schemas
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_pretty_output(self):
+        schema = {"type": 12}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance="")
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_multiple_errors(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"type": 12, "items": 57}'),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                57: 57 is not of type 'object', 'boolean'
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_multiple_errors_pretty_output(self):
+        schema = {"type": 12, "items": 57}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance="")
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_with_invalid_instance(self):
+        """
+        "Validating" an instance that's invalid under an invalid schema
+        just shows the schema error.
+        """
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"type": 12, "minimum": 30}',
+                some_instance="13",
+            ),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                12: 12 is not valid under any of the given schemas
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_schema_with_invalid_instance_pretty_output(self):
+        instance, schema = 13, {"type": 12, "minimum": 30}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError) as e:
+            validate(schema=schema, instance=instance)
+        error = str(e.exception)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema=json.dumps(schema),
+                some_instance=json.dumps(instance),
+            ),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=(
+                "===[SchemaError]===(some_schema)===\n\n"
+                + str(error)
+                + "\n-----------------------------\n"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def test_invalid_instance_continues_with_the_rest(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema='{"minimum": 30}',
+                first_instance="not valid JSON!",
+                second_instance="12",
+            ),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "first_instance",
+                "-i", "second_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                Failed to parse 'first_instance': {}
+                12: 12 is less than the minimum of 30
+            """.format(_message_for("not valid JSON!")),
+        )
+
+    def test_custom_error_format_applies_to_schema_errors(self):
+        instance, schema = 13, {"type": 12, "minimum": 30}
+
+        with self.assertRaises(SchemaError):
+            validate(schema=schema, instance=instance)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=json.dumps(schema)),
+
+            argv=[
+                "--error-format", ":{error.message}._-_.{error.instance}:",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=":12 is not valid under any of the given schemas._-_.12:",
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON(self):
+        instance = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=f"""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_instance': {_message_for(instance)}
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema="{}",
+                some_instance="not valid JSON!",
+            ),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_instance)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_schema", stderr)
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_on_stdin(self):
+        instance = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO(instance),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=f"""\
+                Failed to parse <stdin>: {_message_for(instance)}
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_is_invalid_JSON_on_stdin_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("not valid JSON!"),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(<stdin>)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_schema", stderr)
+
+    def test_schema_is_invalid_JSON(self):
+        schema = "not valid JSON!"
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=f"""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_schema': {_message_for(schema)}
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_is_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(some_schema="not valid JSON!"),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_schema)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_and_instance_are_both_invalid_JSON(self):
+        """
+        Only the schema error is reported, as we abort immediately.
+        """
+        schema, instance = "not valid JSON!", "also not valid JSON!"
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr=f"""\
+                Failed to parse 'some_schema': {_message_for(schema)}
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_and_instance_are_both_invalid_JSON_pretty_output(self):
+        """
+        Only the schema error is reported, as we abort immediately.
+        """
+        stdout, stderr = self.run_cli(
+            files=dict(
+                some_schema="not valid JSON!",
+                some_instance="also not valid JSON!",
+            ),
+
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+        self.assertIn(
+            "(some_schema)===\n\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertNotIn("some_instance", stderr)
+
+    def test_instance_does_not_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "nonexisting_instance", "some_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                'nonexisting_instance' does not exist.
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_instance_does_not_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "nonexisting_instance",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_instance)===
+
+                'nonexisting_instance' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_does_not_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_schema_does_not_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_schema)===
+
+                'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_neither_instance_nor_schema_exist(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=["-i", "nonexisting_instance", "nonexisting_schema"],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_neither_instance_nor_schema_exist_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            argv=[
+                "--output", "pretty",
+                "-i", "nonexisting_instance",
+                "nonexisting_schema",
+            ],
+
+            exit_code=1,
+            stderr="""\
+                ===[FileNotFoundError]===(nonexisting_schema)===
+
+                'nonexisting_schema' does not exist.
+                -----------------------------
+            """,
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(some_instance)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_stdin(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("{}"),
+            argv=["some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_stdin_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}"),
+            stdin=StringIO("{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(<stdin>)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_just_the_schema(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_of_just_the_schema_pretty_output(self):
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema="{}", some_instance="{}"),
+            argv=["--output", "pretty", "-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="===[SUCCESS]===(some_instance)===\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_successful_validation_via_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        ref_schema_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
+        ref_schema_file.close()
+        self.addCleanup(os.remove, ref_schema_file.name)
+
+        ref_path = Path(ref_schema_file.name)
+        ref_path.write_text('{"definitions": {"num": {"type": "integer"}}}')
+
+        schema = f'{{"$ref": "{ref_path.name}#/definitions/num"}}'
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance="1"),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_instance",
+                "--base-uri", ref_path.parent.as_uri() + "/",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+    def test_unsuccessful_validation_via_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        ref_schema_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
+        ref_schema_file.close()
+        self.addCleanup(os.remove, ref_schema_file.name)
+
+        ref_path = Path(ref_schema_file.name)
+        ref_path.write_text('{"definitions": {"num": {"type": "integer"}}}')
+
+        schema = f'{{"$ref": "{ref_path.name}#/definitions/num"}}'
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance='"1"'),
+            argv=[
+                "-i", "some_instance",
+                "--base-uri", ref_path.parent.as_uri() + "/",
+                "some_schema",
+            ],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="1: '1' is not of type 'integer'\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_nonexistent_file_with_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        schema = '{"$ref": "someNonexistentFile.json#definitions/num"}'
+        instance = "1"
+
+        with self.assertRaises(_RefResolutionError) as e:
+            self.assertOutputs(
+                files=dict(
+                    some_schema=schema,
+                    some_instance=instance,
+                ),
+                argv=[
+                    "-i", "some_instance",
+                    "--base-uri", Path.cwd().as_uri(),
+                    "some_schema",
+                ],
+            )
+        error = str(e.exception)
+        self.assertIn(f"{os.sep}someNonexistentFile.json'", error)
+
+    def test_invalid_explicit_base_uri(self):
+        schema = '{"$ref": "foo.json#definitions/num"}'
+        instance = "1"
+
+        with self.assertRaises(_RefResolutionError) as e:
+            self.assertOutputs(
+                files=dict(
+                    some_schema=schema,
+                    some_instance=instance,
+                ),
+                argv=[
+                    "-i", "some_instance",
+                    "--base-uri", "not@UR1",
+                    "some_schema",
+                ],
+            )
+        error = str(e.exception)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            error, "unknown url type: 'foo.json'",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_the_latest_validator_when_unspecified(self):
+        # There isn't a better way now I can think of to ensure that the
+        # latest version was used, given that the call to validator_for
+        # is hidden inside the CLI, so guard that that's the case, and
+        # this test will have to be updated when versions change until
+        # we can think of a better way to ensure this behavior.
+        self.assertIs(Draft202012Validator, _LATEST_VERSION)
+
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema='{"const": "check"}', some_instance='"a"'),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="a: 'check' was expected\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_draft7_when_specified(self):
+        """
+        Specifically, `const` validation applies for Draft 7.
+        """
+        schema = """
+            {
+                "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+                "const": "check"
+            }
+        """
+        instance = '"foo"'
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            exit_code=1,
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="foo: 'check' was expected\n",
+        )
+
+    def test_it_validates_using_draft4_when_specified(self):
+        """
+        Specifically, `const` validation *does not* apply for Draft 4.
+        """
+        schema = """
+            {
+                "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+                "const": "check"
+            }
+            """
+        instance = '"foo"'
+        self.assertOutputs(
+            files=dict(some_schema=schema, some_instance=instance),
+            argv=["-i", "some_instance", "some_schema"],
+            stdout="",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+
+class TestParser(TestCase):
+
+    FakeValidator = fake_validator()
+
+    def test_find_validator_by_fully_qualified_object_name(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator",
+                "jsonschema.tests.test_cli.TestParser.FakeValidator",
+                "--instance", "mem://some/instance",
+                "mem://some/schema",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], self.FakeValidator)
+
+    def test_find_validator_in_jsonschema(self):
+        arguments = cli.parse_args(
+            [
+                "--validator", "Draft4Validator",
+                "--instance", "mem://some/instance",
+                "mem://some/schema",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.assertIs(arguments["validator"], Draft4Validator)
+
+    def cli_output_for(self, *argv):
+        stdout, stderr = StringIO(), StringIO()
+        with redirect_stdout(stdout), redirect_stderr(stderr):  # noqa: SIM117
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                cli.parse_args(argv)
+        return stdout.getvalue(), stderr.getvalue()
+
+    def test_unknown_output(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.cli_output_for(
+            "--output", "foo",
+            "mem://some/schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn("invalid choice: 'foo'", stderr)
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+
+    def test_useless_error_format(self):
+        stdout, stderr = self.cli_output_for(
+            "--output", "pretty",
+            "--error-format", "foo",
+            "mem://some/schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn(
+            "--error-format can only be used with --output plain",
+            stderr,
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(stdout)
+
+
+class TestCLIIntegration(TestCase):
+    def test_license(self):
+        output = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "show", "jsonschema"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        self.assertIn(b"License: MIT", output)
+
+    def test_version(self):
+        version = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-W", "ignore", "-m", "jsonschema", "--version"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        version = version.decode("utf-8").strip()
+        self.assertEqual(version, metadata.version("jsonschema"))
+
+    def test_no_arguments_shows_usage_notes(self):
+        output = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        output_for_help = subprocess.check_output(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema", "--help"],
+            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(output, output_for_help)

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_deprecations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from io import BytesIO
+from unittest import TestCase, mock
+import importlib.metadata
+import json
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import urllib.request
+
+import referencing.exceptions
+
+from jsonschema import FormatChecker, exceptions, protocols, validators
+
+
+class TestDeprecations(TestCase):
+    def test_version(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, __version__ is deprecated in favor of importlib.metadata.
+        """
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.__version__ is deprecated"
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import __version__
+
+        self.assertEqual(__version__, importlib.metadata.version("jsonschema"))
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_validators_ErrorTree(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, importing ErrorTree from jsonschema.validators is
+        deprecated in favor of doing so from jsonschema.exceptions.
+        """
+
+        message = "Importing ErrorTree from jsonschema.validators is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema.validators import ErrorTree
+
+        self.assertEqual(ErrorTree, exceptions.ErrorTree)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_import_ErrorTree(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.18.0, importing ErrorTree from the package root is
+        deprecated in favor of doing so from jsonschema.exceptions.
+        """
+
+        message = "Importing ErrorTree directly from the jsonschema package "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import ErrorTree
+
+        self.assertEqual(ErrorTree, exceptions.ErrorTree)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_ErrorTree_setitem(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.20.0, setting items on an ErrorTree is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        e = exceptions.ValidationError("some error", path=["foo"])
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree()
+        subtree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors=[e])
+
+        message = "ErrorTree.__setitem__ is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            tree["foo"] = subtree
+
+        self.assertEqual(tree["foo"], subtree)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_import_FormatError(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.18.0, importing FormatError from the package root is
+        deprecated in favor of doing so from jsonschema.exceptions.
+        """
+
+        message = "Importing FormatError directly from the jsonschema package "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import FormatError
+
+        self.assertEqual(FormatError, exceptions.FormatError)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_import_Validator(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.19.0, importing Validator from the package root is
+        deprecated in favor of doing so from jsonschema.protocols.
+        """
+
+        message = "Importing Validator directly from the jsonschema package "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import Validator
+
+        self.assertEqual(Validator, protocols.Validator)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_validators_validators(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, accessing jsonschema.validators.validators is
+        deprecated.
+        """
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.validators.validators is deprecated"
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            value = validators.validators
+
+        self.assertEqual(value, validators._VALIDATORS)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_validators_meta_schemas(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, accessing jsonschema.validators.meta_schemas is
+        deprecated.
+        """
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.validators.meta_schemas is deprecated"
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            value = validators.meta_schemas
+
+        self.assertEqual(value, validators._META_SCHEMAS)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_RefResolver_in_scope(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, RefResolver.in_scope is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        resolver = validators._RefResolver.from_schema({})
+        message = "jsonschema.RefResolver.in_scope is deprecated "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:  # noqa: SIM117
+            with resolver.in_scope("foo"):
+                pass
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_Validator_is_valid_two_arguments(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, calling is_valid with two arguments (to provide a
+        different schema) is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator({})
+        message = "Passing a schema to Validator.is_valid is deprecated "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            result = validator.is_valid("foo", {"type": "number"})
+
+        self.assertFalse(result)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_Validator_iter_errors_two_arguments(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.0.0, calling iter_errors with two arguments (to provide a
+        different schema) is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator({})
+        message = "Passing a schema to Validator.iter_errors is deprecated "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            error, = validator.iter_errors("foo", {"type": "number"})
+
+        self.assertEqual(error.validator, "type")
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_Validator_resolver(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.18.0, accessing Validator.resolver is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        validator = validators.Draft7Validator({})
+        message = "Accessing Draft7Validator.resolver is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            self.assertIsInstance(validator.resolver, validators._RefResolver)
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_RefResolver(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.18.0, RefResolver is fully deprecated.
+        """
+
+        message = "jsonschema.RefResolver is deprecated"
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import RefResolver
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema.validators import RefResolver  # noqa: F401, F811
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_RefResolutionError(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.18.0, RefResolutionError is deprecated in favor of directly
+        catching errors from the referencing library.
+        """
+
+        message = "jsonschema.exceptions.RefResolutionError is deprecated"
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import RefResolutionError
+
+        self.assertEqual(RefResolutionError, exceptions._RefResolutionError)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema.exceptions import RefResolutionError
+
+        self.assertEqual(RefResolutionError, exceptions._RefResolutionError)
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_catching_Unresolvable_directly(self):
+        """
+        This behavior is the intended behavior (i.e. it's not deprecated), but
+        given we do "tricksy" things in the iterim to wrap exceptions in a
+        multiple inheritance subclass, we need to be extra sure it works and
+        stays working.
+        """
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator({"$ref": "urn:nothing"})
+
+        with self.assertRaises(referencing.exceptions.Unresolvable) as e:
+            validator.validate(12)
+
+        expected = referencing.exceptions.Unresolvable(ref="urn:nothing")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (e.exception, str(e.exception)),
+            (expected, "Unresolvable: urn:nothing"),
+        )
+
+    def test_catching_Unresolvable_via_RefResolutionError(self):
+        """
+        Until RefResolutionError is removed, it is still possible to catch
+        exceptions from reference resolution using it, even though they may
+        have been raised by referencing.
+        """
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            from jsonschema import RefResolutionError
+
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator({"$ref": "urn:nothing"})
+
+        with self.assertRaises(referencing.exceptions.Unresolvable) as u:
+            validator.validate(12)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(RefResolutionError) as e:
+            validator.validate(12)
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (e.exception, str(e.exception)),
+            (u.exception, "Unresolvable: urn:nothing"),
+        )
+
+    def test_WrappedReferencingError_hashability(self):
+        """
+        Ensure the wrapped referencing errors are hashable when possible.
+        """
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            from jsonschema import RefResolutionError
+
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator({"$ref": "urn:nothing"})
+
+        with self.assertRaises(referencing.exceptions.Unresolvable) as u:
+            validator.validate(12)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(RefResolutionError) as e:
+            validator.validate(12)
+
+        self.assertIn(e.exception, {u.exception})
+        self.assertIn(u.exception, {e.exception})
+
+    def test_Validator_subclassing(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.12.0, subclassing a validator class produces an explicit
+        deprecation warning.
+
+        This was never intended to be public API (and some comments over the
+        years in issues said so, but obviously that's not a great way to make
+        sure it's followed).
+
+        A future version will explicitly raise an error.
+        """
+
+        message = "Subclassing validator classes is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            class Subclass(validators.Draft202012Validator):
+                pass
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            class AnotherSubclass(validators.create(meta_schema={})):
+                pass
+
+    def test_FormatChecker_cls_checks(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.14.0, FormatChecker.cls_checks is deprecated without
+        replacement.
+        """
+
+        self.addCleanup(FormatChecker.checkers.pop, "boom", None)
+
+        message = "FormatChecker.cls_checks "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            FormatChecker.cls_checks("boom")
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+    def test_draftN_format_checker(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.16.0, accessing jsonschema.draftn_format_checker is deprecated
+        in favor of Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER.
+        """
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft202012_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft202012_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft202012_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft202012Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft201909_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft201909_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft201909_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft201909Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft7_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft7_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft7_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft7Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft6_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft6_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft6_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft6Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft4_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft4_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft4_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft4Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        message = "Accessing jsonschema.draft3_format_checker is "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            from jsonschema import draft3_format_checker
+
+        self.assertIs(
+            draft3_format_checker,
+            validators.Draft3Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, __file__)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ImportError):
+            from jsonschema import draft1234_format_checker  # noqa: F401
+
+    def test_import_cli(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.17.0, importing jsonschema.cli is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        message = "The jsonschema CLI is deprecated and will be removed "
+        with self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message) as w:
+            import jsonschema.cli
+            importlib.reload(jsonschema.cli)
+
+        self.assertEqual(w.filename, importlib.__file__)
+
+    def test_cli(self):
+        """
+        As of v4.17.0, the jsonschema CLI is deprecated.
+        """
+
+        process = subprocess.run(
+            [sys.executable, "-m", "jsonschema"],
+            capture_output=True,
+            check=True,
+        )
+        self.assertIn(b"The jsonschema CLI is deprecated ", process.stderr)
+
+    def test_automatic_remote_retrieval(self):
+        """
+        Automatic retrieval of remote references is deprecated as of v4.18.0.
+        """
+        ref = "http://bar#/$defs/baz"
+        schema = {"$defs": {"baz": {"type": "integer"}}}
+
+        if "requests" in sys.modules:  # pragma: no cover
+            self.addCleanup(
+                sys.modules.__setitem__, "requests", sys.modules["requests"],
+            )
+        sys.modules["requests"] = None
+
+        @contextmanager
+        def fake_urlopen(request):
+            self.assertIsInstance(request, urllib.request.Request)
+            self.assertEqual(request.full_url, "http://bar")
+
+            # Ha ha urllib.request.Request "normalizes" header names and
+            # Request.get_header does not also normalize them...
+            (header, value), = request.header_items()
+            self.assertEqual(header.lower(), "user-agent")
+            self.assertEqual(
+                value, "python-jsonschema (deprecated $ref resolution)",
+            )
+            yield BytesIO(json.dumps(schema).encode("utf8"))
+
+        validator = validators.Draft202012Validator({"$ref": ref})
+
+        message = "Automatically retrieving remote references "
+        patch = mock.patch.object(urllib.request, "urlopen", new=fake_urlopen)
+
+        with patch, self.assertWarnsRegex(DeprecationWarning, message):
+            self.assertEqual(
+                (validator.is_valid({}), validator.is_valid(37)),
+                (False, True),
+            )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_exceptions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,702 @@
+from unittest import TestCase
+import textwrap
+
+from jsonschema import exceptions
+from jsonschema.validators import _LATEST_VERSION
+
+
+class TestBestMatch(TestCase):
+    def best_match_of(self, instance, schema):
+        errors = list(_LATEST_VERSION(schema).iter_errors(instance))
+        msg =  f"No errors found for {instance} under {schema!r}!"
+        self.assertTrue(errors, msg=msg)
+
+        best = exceptions.best_match(iter(errors))
+        reversed_best = exceptions.best_match(reversed(errors))
+
+        self.assertEqual(
+            best._contents(),
+            reversed_best._contents(),
+            f"No consistent best match!\nGot: {best}\n\nThen: {reversed_best}",
+        )
+        return best
+
+    def test_shallower_errors_are_better_matches(self):
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "minProperties": 2,
+                    "properties": {"bar": {"type": "object"}},
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": {"bar": []}}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_oneOf_and_anyOf_are_weak_matches(self):
+        """
+        A property you *must* match is probably better than one you have to
+        match a part of.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "minProperties": 2,
+            "anyOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+            "oneOf": [{"type": "string"}, {"type": "number"}],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minProperties")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_anyOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an anyOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "anyOf": [
+                        {"type": "string"},
+                        {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": {"bar": 12}}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_no_anyOf_traversal_for_equally_relevant_errors(self):
+        """
+        We don't traverse into an anyOf (as above) if all of its context errors
+        seem to be equally "wrong" against the instance.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"type": "string"},
+                {"type": "integer"},
+                {"type": "object"},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "anyOf")
+
+    def test_anyOf_traversal_for_single_equally_relevant_error(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse anyOf with a single nested error, even though it is
+        vacuously equally relevant to itself.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"type": "string"},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "type")
+
+    def test_anyOf_traversal_for_single_sibling_errors(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse anyOf with a single subschema that fails multiple
+        times (e.g. on multiple items).
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"items": {"const": 37}},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[12, 12], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "const")
+
+    def test_anyOf_traversal_for_non_type_matching_sibling_errors(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse anyOf with multiple subschemas when one does not type
+        match.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "anyOf": [
+                {"type": "object"},
+                {"items": {"const": 37}},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[12, 12], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "const")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_oneOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        If the most relevant error is an oneOf, then we traverse its context
+        and select the otherwise *least* relevant error, since in this case
+        that means the most specific, deep, error inside the instance.
+
+        I.e. since only one of the schemas must match, we look for the most
+        relevant one.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "oneOf": [
+                        {"type": "string"},
+                        {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": {"bar": 12}}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_no_oneOf_traversal_for_equally_relevant_errors(self):
+        """
+        We don't traverse into an oneOf (as above) if all of its context errors
+        seem to be equally "wrong" against the instance.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "oneOf": [
+                {"type": "string"},
+                {"type": "integer"},
+                {"type": "object"},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "oneOf")
+
+    def test_oneOf_traversal_for_single_equally_relevant_error(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse oneOf with a single nested error, even though it is
+        vacuously equally relevant to itself.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "oneOf": [
+                {"type": "string"},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "type")
+
+    def test_oneOf_traversal_for_single_sibling_errors(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse oneOf with a single subschema that fails multiple
+        times (e.g. on multiple items).
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "oneOf": [
+                {"items": {"const": 37}},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[12, 12], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "const")
+
+    def test_oneOf_traversal_for_non_type_matching_sibling_errors(self):
+        """
+        We *do* traverse oneOf with multiple subschemas when one does not type
+        match.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "oneOf": [
+                {"type": "object"},
+                {"items": {"const": 37}},
+            ],
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance=[12, 12], schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "const")
+
+    def test_if_the_most_relevant_error_is_allOf_it_is_traversed(self):
+        """
+        Now, if the error is allOf, we traverse but select the *most* relevant
+        error from the context, because all schemas here must match anyways.
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "allOf": [
+                        {"type": "string"},
+                        {"properties": {"bar": {"type": "array"}}},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": {"bar": 12}}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "string")
+
+    def test_nested_context_for_oneOf(self):
+        """
+        We traverse into nested contexts (a oneOf containing an error in a
+        nested oneOf here).
+        """
+
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "oneOf": [
+                        {"type": "string"},
+                        {
+                            "oneOf": [
+                                {"type": "string"},
+                                {
+                                    "properties": {
+                                        "bar": {"type": "array"},
+                                    },
+                                },
+                            ],
+                        },
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": {"bar": 12}}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator_value, "array")
+
+    def test_it_prioritizes_matching_types(self):
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "anyOf": [
+                        {"type": "array", "minItems": 2},
+                        {"type": "string", "minLength": 10},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": "bar"}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minLength")
+
+        reordered = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "anyOf": [
+                        {"type": "string", "minLength": 10},
+                        {"type": "array", "minItems": 2},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": "bar"}, schema=reordered)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minLength")
+
+    def test_it_prioritizes_matching_union_types(self):
+        schema = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "anyOf": [
+                        {"type": ["array", "object"], "minItems": 2},
+                        {"type": ["integer", "string"], "minLength": 10},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": "bar"}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minLength")
+
+        reordered = {
+            "properties": {
+                "foo": {
+                    "anyOf": [
+                        {"type": "string", "minLength": 10},
+                        {"type": "array", "minItems": 2},
+                    ],
+                },
+            },
+        }
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": "bar"}, schema=reordered)
+        self.assertEqual(best.validator, "minLength")
+
+    def test_boolean_schemas(self):
+        schema = {"properties": {"foo": False}}
+        best = self.best_match_of(instance={"foo": "bar"}, schema=schema)
+        self.assertIsNone(best.validator)
+
+    def test_one_error(self):
+        validator = _LATEST_VERSION({"minProperties": 2})
+        error, = validator.iter_errors({})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})).validator,
+            "minProperties",
+        )
+
+    def test_no_errors(self):
+        validator = _LATEST_VERSION({})
+        self.assertIsNone(exceptions.best_match(validator.iter_errors({})))
+
+
+class TestByRelevance(TestCase):
+    def test_short_paths_are_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=["baz"])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo", "bar"])
+        match = max([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+        match = max([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertIs(match, shallow)
+
+    def test_global_errors_are_even_better_matches(self):
+        shallow = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[])
+        deep = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=["foo"])
+
+        errors = sorted([shallow, deep], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+        errors = sorted([deep, shallow], key=exceptions.relevance)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [list(error.path) for error in errors],
+            [["foo"], []],
+        )
+
+    def test_weak_keywords_are_lower_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+        match = max([normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, normal)
+
+    def test_strong_keywords_are_higher_priority(self):
+        weak = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh no!", path=[], validator="a")
+        normal = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh yes!", path=[], validator="b")
+        strong = exceptions.ValidationError("Oh fine!", path=[], validator="c")
+
+        best_match = exceptions.by_relevance(weak="a", strong="c")
+
+        match = max([weak, normal, strong], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+        match = max([strong, normal, weak], key=best_match)
+        self.assertIs(match, strong)
+
+
+class TestErrorTree(TestCase):
+    def test_it_knows_how_many_total_errors_it_contains(self):
+        # FIXME: #442
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("Something", validator=i)
+            for i in range(8)
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertEqual(tree.total_errors, 8)
+
+    def test_it_contains_an_item_if_the_item_had_an_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn("bar", tree)
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_an_item_if_the_item_had_no_error(self):
+        errors = [exceptions.ValidationError("a message", path=["bar"])]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertNotIn("foo", tree)
+
+    def test_keywords_that_failed_appear_in_errors_dict(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("a message", validator="foo")
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertEqual(tree.errors, {"foo": error})
+
+    def test_it_creates_a_child_tree_for_each_nested_path(self):
+        errors = [
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar message", path=["bar"]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("a bar -> 0 message", path=["bar", 0]),
+        ]
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree(errors)
+        self.assertIn(0, tree["bar"])
+        self.assertNotIn(1, tree["bar"])
+
+    def test_children_have_their_errors_dicts_built(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError("1", validator="foo", path=["bar", 0]),
+            exceptions.ValidationError("2", validator="quux", path=["bar", 0]),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(tree["bar"][0].errors, {"foo": e1, "quux": e2})
+
+    def test_multiple_errors_with_instance(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+
+    def test_it_does_not_contain_subtrees_that_are_not_in_the_instance(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("123", validator="foo", instance=[])
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+
+        with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
+            tree[0]
+
+    def test_if_its_in_the_tree_anyhow_it_does_not_raise_an_error(self):
+        """
+        If a keyword refers to a path that isn't in the instance, the
+        tree still properly returns a subtree for that path.
+        """
+
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message", validator="foo", instance={}, path=["foo"],
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertIsInstance(tree["foo"], exceptions.ErrorTree)
+
+    def test_iter(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(set(tree), {"bar", "foobar"})
+
+    def test_repr_single(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "1",
+            validator="foo",
+            path=["bar", "bar2"],
+            instance="i1",
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([error])
+        self.assertEqual(repr(tree), "<ErrorTree (1 total error)>")
+
+    def test_repr_multiple(self):
+        e1, e2 = (
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "1",
+                validator="foo",
+                path=["bar", "bar2"],
+                instance="i1"),
+            exceptions.ValidationError(
+                "2",
+                validator="quux",
+                path=["foobar", 2],
+                instance="i2"),
+        )
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([e1, e2])
+        self.assertEqual(repr(tree), "<ErrorTree (2 total errors)>")
+
+    def test_repr_empty(self):
+        tree = exceptions.ErrorTree([])
+        self.assertEqual(repr(tree), "<ErrorTree (0 total errors)>")
+
+
+class TestErrorInitReprStr(TestCase):
+    def make_error(self, **kwargs):
+        defaults = dict(
+            message="hello",
+            validator="type",
+            validator_value="string",
+            instance=5,
+            schema={"type": "string"},
+        )
+        defaults.update(kwargs)
+        return exceptions.ValidationError(**defaults)
+
+    def assertShows(self, expected, **kwargs):
+        expected = textwrap.dedent(expected).rstrip("\n")
+
+        error = self.make_error(**kwargs)
+        message_line, _, rest = str(error).partition("\n")
+        self.assertEqual(message_line, error.message)
+        self.assertEqual(rest, expected)
+
+    def test_it_calls_super_and_sets_args(self):
+        error = self.make_error()
+        self.assertGreater(len(error.args), 1)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(exceptions.ValidationError(message="Hello!")),
+            "<ValidationError: 'Hello!'>",
+        )
+
+    def test_unset_error(self):
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError("message")
+        self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+        kwargs = {
+            "validator": "type",
+            "validator_value": "string",
+            "instance": 5,
+            "schema": {"type": "string"},
+        }
+        # Just the message should show if any of the attributes are unset
+        for attr in kwargs:
+            k = dict(kwargs)
+            del k[attr]
+            error = exceptions.ValidationError("message", **k)
+            self.assertEqual(str(error), "message")
+
+    def test_empty_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[],
+            schema_path=[],
+        )
+
+    def test_one_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance[0]:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0],
+            schema_path=["items"],
+        )
+
+    def test_multiple_item_paths(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema['items'][0]:
+                {'type': 'string'}
+
+            On instance[0]['a']:
+                5
+            """,
+            path=[0, "a"],
+            schema_path=["items", 0, 1],
+        )
+
+    def test_uses_pprint(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'maxLength' in schema:
+                {0: 0,
+                 1: 1,
+                 2: 2,
+                 3: 3,
+                 4: 4,
+                 5: 5,
+                 6: 6,
+                 7: 7,
+                 8: 8,
+                 9: 9,
+                 10: 10,
+                 11: 11,
+                 12: 12,
+                 13: 13,
+                 14: 14,
+                 15: 15,
+                 16: 16,
+                 17: 17,
+                 18: 18,
+                 19: 19}
+
+            On instance:
+                [0,
+                 1,
+                 2,
+                 3,
+                 4,
+                 5,
+                 6,
+                 7,
+                 8,
+                 9,
+                 10,
+                 11,
+                 12,
+                 13,
+                 14,
+                 15,
+                 16,
+                 17,
+                 18,
+                 19,
+                 20,
+                 21,
+                 22,
+                 23,
+                 24]
+            """,
+            instance=list(range(25)),
+            schema=dict(zip(range(20), range(20))),
+            validator="maxLength",
+        )
+
+    def test_does_not_reorder_dicts(self):
+        self.assertShows(
+            """
+            Failed validating 'type' in schema:
+                {'do': 3, 'not': 7, 'sort': 37, 'me': 73}
+
+            On instance:
+                {'here': 73, 'too': 37, 'no': 7, 'sorting': 3}
+            """,
+            schema={
+                "do": 3,
+                "not": 7,
+                "sort": 37,
+                "me": 73,
+            },
+            instance={
+                "here": 73,
+                "too": 37,
+                "no": 7,
+                "sorting": 3,
+            },
+        )
+
+    def test_str_works_with_instances_having_overriden_eq_operator(self):
+        """
+        Check for #164 which rendered exceptions unusable when a
+        `ValidationError` involved instances with an `__eq__` method
+        that returned truthy values.
+        """
+
+        class DontEQMeBro:
+            def __eq__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+            def __ne__(this, other):  # pragma: no cover
+                self.fail("Don't!")
+
+        instance = DontEQMeBro()
+        error = exceptions.ValidationError(
+            "a message",
+            validator="foo",
+            instance=instance,
+            validator_value="some",
+            schema="schema",
+        )
+        self.assertIn(repr(instance), str(error))
+
+
+class TestHashable(TestCase):
+    def test_hashable(self):
+        {exceptions.ValidationError("")}
+        {exceptions.SchemaError("")}

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_format.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""
+Tests for the parts of jsonschema related to the :kw:`format` keyword.
+"""
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import FormatChecker, ValidationError
+from jsonschema.exceptions import FormatError
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft4Validator
+
+BOOM = ValueError("Boom!")
+BANG = ZeroDivisionError("Bang!")
+
+
+def boom(thing):
+    if thing == "bang":
+        raise BANG
+    raise BOOM
+
+
+class TestFormatChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_it_can_validate_no_formats(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        self.assertFalse(checker.checkers)
+
+    def test_it_raises_a_key_error_for_unknown_formats(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            FormatChecker(formats=["o noes"])
+
+    def test_it_can_register_cls_checkers(self):
+        original = dict(FormatChecker.checkers)
+        self.addCleanup(FormatChecker.checkers.pop, "boom")
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            FormatChecker.cls_checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            FormatChecker.checkers,
+            dict(original, boom=(boom, ())),
+        )
+
+    def test_it_can_register_checkers(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom")(boom)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            checker.checkers,
+            dict(FormatChecker.checkers, boom=(boom, ())),
+        )
+
+    def test_it_catches_registered_errors(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=type(BOOM))(boom)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError) as cm:
+            checker.check(instance=12, format="boom")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+        self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), "12 is not a 'boom'")
+
+        # Unregistered errors should not be caught
+        with self.assertRaises(type(BANG)):
+            checker.check(instance="bang", format="boom")
+
+    def test_format_error_causes_become_validation_error_causes(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        checker.checks("boom", raises=ValueError)(boom)
+        validator = Draft4Validator({"format": "boom"}, format_checker=checker)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError) as cm:
+            validator.validate("BOOM")
+
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.cause, BOOM)
+        self.assertIs(cm.exception.__cause__, BOOM)
+
+    def test_format_checkers_come_with_defaults(self):
+        # This is bad :/ but relied upon.
+        # The docs for quite awhile recommended people do things like
+        # validate(..., format_checker=FormatChecker())
+        # We should change that, but we can't without deprecation...
+        checker = FormatChecker()
+        with self.assertRaises(FormatError):
+            checker.check(instance="not-an-ipv4", format="ipv4")
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        checker = FormatChecker(formats=())
+        checker.checks("foo")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        checker.checks("bar")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        checker.checks("baz")(lambda thing: True)  # pragma: no cover
+        self.assertEqual(
+            repr(checker),
+            "<FormatChecker checkers=['bar', 'baz', 'foo']>",
+        )

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_jsonschema_test_suite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+"""
+Test runner for the JSON Schema official test suite
+
+Tests comprehensive correctness of each draft's validator.
+
+See https://github.com/json-schema-org/JSON-Schema-Test-Suite for details.
+"""
+
+import sys
+
+from jsonschema.tests._suite import Suite
+import jsonschema
+
+SUITE = Suite()
+DRAFT3 = SUITE.version(name="draft3")
+DRAFT4 = SUITE.version(name="draft4")
+DRAFT6 = SUITE.version(name="draft6")
+DRAFT7 = SUITE.version(name="draft7")
+DRAFT201909 = SUITE.version(name="draft2019-09")
+DRAFT202012 = SUITE.version(name="draft2020-12")
+
+
+def skip(message, **kwargs):
+    def skipper(test):
+        if all(value == getattr(test, attr) for attr, value in kwargs.items()):
+            return message
+    return skipper
+
+
+def missing_format(Validator):
+    def missing_format(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        schema = test.schema
+        if (
+            schema is True
+            or schema is False
+            or "format" not in schema
+            or schema["format"] in Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER.checkers
+            or test.valid
+        ):
+            return
+
+        return f"Format checker {schema['format']!r} not found."
+    return missing_format
+
+
+def complex_email_validation(test):
+    if test.subject != "email":
+        return
+
+    message = "Complex email validation is (intentionally) unsupported."
+    return skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="an invalid domain",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="an invalid IPv4-address-literal",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="dot after local part is not valid",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="dot before local part is not valid",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        description="two subsequent dots inside local part are not valid",
+    )(test)
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 9):  # pragma: no cover
+    message = "Rejecting leading zeros is 3.9+"
+    allowed_leading_zeros = skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="ipv4",
+        description="invalid leading zeroes, as they are treated as octals",
+    )
+else:
+    def allowed_leading_zeros(test):  # pragma: no cover
+        return
+
+
+def leap_second(test):
+    message = "Leap seconds are unsupported."
+    return skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second, Zulu",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="a valid time string with leap second with offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, positive time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, negative time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, large positive time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, large negative time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="time",
+        description="valid leap second, zero time-offset",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="date-time",
+        description="a valid date-time with a leap second, UTC",
+    )(test) or skip(
+        message=message,
+        subject="date-time",
+        description="a valid date-time with a leap second, with minus offset",
+    )(test)
+
+
+TestDraft3 = DRAFT3.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT3.cases(),
+    DRAFT3.format_cases(),
+    DRAFT3.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT3.optional_cases_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft3Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft3Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        missing_format(jsonschema.Draft3Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft4 = DRAFT4.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT4.cases(),
+    DRAFT4.format_cases(),
+    DRAFT4.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_cases_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_cases_of(name="id"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT4.optional_cases_of(name="zeroTerminatedFloats"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft4Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft4Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(jsonschema.Draft4Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft6 = DRAFT6.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT6.cases(),
+    DRAFT6.format_cases(),
+    DRAFT6.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_cases_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_cases_of(name="id"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft6Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft6Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(jsonschema.Draft6Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft7 = DRAFT7.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT7.cases(),
+    DRAFT7.format_cases(),
+    DRAFT7.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_cases_of(name="cross-draft"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_cases_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT6.optional_cases_of(name="id"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT7.optional_cases_of(name="unknownKeyword"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft7Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft7Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(jsonschema.Draft7Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft201909 = DRAFT201909.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT201909.cases(),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="anchor"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="cross-draft"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="id"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="no-schema"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="refOfUnknownKeyword"),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="unknownKeyword"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft201909Validator,
+    skip=skip(
+        message="Vocabulary support is still in-progress.",
+        subject="vocabulary",
+        description=(
+            "no validation: invalid number, but it still validates"
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft201909Format = DRAFT201909.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT201909.format_cases(),
+    name="TestDraft201909Format",
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft201909Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft201909Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        complex_email_validation(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(jsonschema.Draft201909Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft202012 = DRAFT202012.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT202012.cases(),
+    DRAFT201909.optional_cases_of(name="anchor"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="bignum"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="cross-draft"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="float-overflow"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="id"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="no-schema"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="non-bmp-regex"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="refOfUnknownKeyword"),
+    DRAFT202012.optional_cases_of(name="unknownKeyword"),
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft202012Validator,
+    skip=skip(
+        message="Vocabulary support is still in-progress.",
+        subject="vocabulary",
+        description=(
+            "no validation: invalid number, but it still validates"
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+
+
+TestDraft202012Format = DRAFT202012.to_unittest_testcase(
+    DRAFT202012.format_cases(),
+    name="TestDraft202012Format",
+    Validator=jsonschema.Draft202012Validator,
+    format_checker=jsonschema.Draft202012Validator.FORMAT_CHECKER,
+    skip=lambda test: (
+        complex_email_validation(test)
+        or allowed_leading_zeros(test)
+        or leap_second(test)
+        or missing_format(jsonschema.Draft202012Validator)(test)
+        or complex_email_validation(test)
+    ),
+)

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+"""
+Tests for the `TypeChecker`-based type interface.
+
+The actual correctness of the type checking is handled in
+`test_jsonschema_test_suite`; these tests check that TypeChecker
+functions correctly at a more granular level.
+"""
+from collections import namedtuple
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema import ValidationError, _keywords
+from jsonschema._types import TypeChecker
+from jsonschema.exceptions import UndefinedTypeCheck, UnknownType
+from jsonschema.validators import Draft202012Validator, extend
+
+
+def equals_2(checker, instance):
+    return instance == 2
+
+
+def is_namedtuple(instance):
+    return isinstance(instance, tuple) and getattr(instance, "_fields", None)
+
+
+def is_object_or_named_tuple(checker, instance):
+    if Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.is_type(instance, "object"):
+        return True
+    return is_namedtuple(instance)
+
+
+class TestTypeChecker(TestCase):
+    def test_is_type(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (
+                checker.is_type(instance=2, type="two"),
+                checker.is_type(instance="bar", type="two"),
+            ),
+            (True, False),
+        )
+
+    def test_is_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as e:
+            TypeChecker().is_type(4, "foobar")
+        self.assertIn(
+            "'foobar' is unknown to this type checker",
+            str(e.exception),
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(
+            e.exception.__suppress_context__,
+            msg="Expected the internal KeyError to be hidden.",
+        )
+
+    def test_checks_can_be_added_at_init(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"two": equals_2})
+        self.assertEqual(checker, TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2))
+
+    def test_redefine_existing_type(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", object()).redefine("two", equals_2),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("two", equals_2),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"two": equals_2}).remove("two"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UndefinedTypeCheck) as context:
+            TypeChecker().remove("foobar")
+        self.assertIn("foobar", str(context.exception))
+
+    def test_redefine_many(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker().redefine_many({"foo": int, "bar": str}),
+            TypeChecker().redefine("foo", int).redefine("bar", str),
+        )
+
+    def test_remove_multiple(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            TypeChecker({"foo": int, "bar": str}).remove("foo", "bar"),
+            TypeChecker(),
+        )
+
+    def test_type_check_can_raise_key_error(self):
+        """
+        Make sure no one writes:
+
+            try:
+                self._type_checkers[type](...)
+            except KeyError:
+
+        ignoring the fact that the function itself can raise that.
+        """
+
+        error = KeyError("Stuff")
+
+        def raises_keyerror(checker, instance):
+            raise error
+
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as context:
+            TypeChecker({"foo": raises_keyerror}).is_type(4, "foo")
+
+        self.assertIs(context.exception, error)
+
+    def test_repr(self):
+        checker = TypeChecker({"foo": is_namedtuple, "bar": is_namedtuple})
+        self.assertEqual(repr(checker), "<TypeChecker types={'bar', 'foo'}>")
+
+
+class TestCustomTypes(TestCase):
+    def test_simple_type_can_be_extended(self):
+        def int_or_str_int(checker, instance):
+            if not isinstance(instance, (int, str)):
+                return False
+            try:
+                int(instance)
+            except ValueError:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+                "integer", int_or_str_int,
+            ),
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator({"type": "integer"})
+
+        validator.validate(4)
+        validator.validate("4")
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(4.4)
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate("foo")
+
+    def test_object_can_be_extended(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object"}
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_require_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {"type": "object", "required": ["x"]}
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+        )
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Cannot handle required
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+    def test_object_extensions_can_handle_custom_validators(self):
+        schema = {
+            "type": "object",
+            "required": ["x"],
+            "properties": {"x": {"type": "integer"}},
+        }
+
+        type_checker = Draft202012Validator.TYPE_CHECKER.redefine(
+            "object", is_object_or_named_tuple,
+        )
+
+        def coerce_named_tuple(fn):
+            def coerced(validator, value, instance, schema):
+                if is_namedtuple(instance):
+                    instance = instance._asdict()
+                return fn(validator, value, instance, schema)
+            return coerced
+
+        required = coerce_named_tuple(_keywords.required)
+        properties = coerce_named_tuple(_keywords.properties)
+
+        CustomValidator = extend(
+            Draft202012Validator,
+            type_checker=type_checker,
+            validators={"required": required, "properties": properties},
+        )
+
+        validator = CustomValidator(schema)
+
+        Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])
+        # Can now process required and properties
+        validator.validate(Point(x=4, y=5))
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate(Point(x="not an integer", y=5))
+
+        # As well as still handle objects.
+        validator.validate({"x": 4, "y": 5})
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
+            validator.validate({"x": "not an integer", "y": 5})
+
+    def test_unknown_type(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(UnknownType) as e:
+            Draft202012Validator({}).is_type(12, "some unknown type")
+        self.assertIn("'some unknown type'", str(e.exception))

.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/jsonschema/tests/test_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+from math import nan
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+from jsonschema._utils import equal
+
+
+class TestEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_none(self):
+        self.assertTrue(equal(None, None))
+
+    def test_nan(self):
+        self.assertTrue(equal(nan, nan))
+
+
+class TestDictEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_equal_dictionaries(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "b"}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_equal_dictionaries_with_nan(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": nan, "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": nan}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_missing_key(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "x": "b"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_additional_key(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "b", "x": "x"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_missing_value(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": "x"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_empty_dictionaries(self):
+        dict_1 = {}
+        dict_2 = {}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_one_none(self):
+        dict_1 = None
+        dict_2 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_same_item(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": "b", "c": "d"}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_1))
+
+    def test_nested_equal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}, "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_nested_dict_unequal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": {"a": "b", "c": "d"}, "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": {"a": "b", "c": "x"}}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_mixed_nested_equal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"]}
+        self.assertTrue(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+    def test_nested_list_unequal(self):
+        dict_1 = {"a": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "c": "d"}
+        dict_2 = {"c": "d", "a": ["b", "c", "d", "a"]}
+        self.assertFalse(equal(dict_1, dict_2))
+
+
+class TestListEqual(TestCase):
+    def test_equal_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_equal_lists_with_nan(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", nan, "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", nan, "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_unsorted_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["b", "b", "a"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_first_list_larger(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_second_list_larger(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b"]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_list_with_none_unequal(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", None]
+        list_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", None]
+        list_2 = [None, "b", "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_list_with_none_equal(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", None, "c"]
+        list_2 = ["a", None, "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_empty_list(self):
+        list_1 = []
+        list_2 = []
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_one_none(self):
+        list_1 = None
+        list_2 = []
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_same_list(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_1))
+
+    def test_equal_nested_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        list_2 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        self.assertTrue(equal(list_1, list_2))
+
+    def test_unequal_nested_lists(self):
+        list_1 = ["a", ["b", "c"], "d"]
+        list_2 = ["a", [], "c"]
+        self.assertFalse(equal(list_1, list_2))